A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Which of the following conditions are risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum?

Oligohydramnios.

Twin gestations.

Anemia.

Molar pregnancy.

History of hyperemesis.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A rationale

Oligohydramnios refers to a condition characterized by a deficiency in amniotic fluid. It is not a common risk factor for hyperemesis gravidarum, which is more related to hormonal changes and genetic predisposition.

Choice B rationale

Twin gestations significantly increase the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), leading to a higher incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. Elevated hCG levels correlate directly with the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Choice C rationale

Anemia does not have a direct causal relationship with hyperemesis gravidarum. Hyperemesis may contribute to the development of anemia due to nutritional deficiencies, but it is not a predisposing risk factor.

Choice D rationale

Molar pregnancy, a gestational trophoblastic disease, causes significantly elevated levels of hCG, leading to an increased likelihood of hyperemesis gravidarum. This condition triggers extreme nausea and vomiting due to excessively high hormone levels.

Choice E rationale

A history of hyperemesis in previous pregnancies strongly predicts recurrence in subsequent pregnancies. This suggests a genetic or environmental predisposition to severe nausea and vomiting.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Placenta previa leads to painless vaginal bleeding when the placenta covers the cervix. It does not typically require continuous fetal monitoring or prepare for cesarean birth based on the findings alone.

Choice B rationale

Abruptio placentae is the premature detachment of the placenta, causing abdominal pain, and can lead to fetal distress. Continuous fetal monitoring and preparation for cesarean birth are consistent with this complication.

Choice C rationale

Gestational hypertension is high blood pressure that develops after 20 weeks of pregnancy but without the presence of protein in the urine or other symptoms of preeclampsia. It would not typically necessitate the measures described.

Choice D rationale

Preeclampsia involves high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation and can cause severe complications for both the mother and fetus. However, it does not directly lead to the specific intervention of continuous fetal monitoring and cesarean preparation. .

A. I will wear the seatbelt under my arm instead of over my shoulder to reduce pressure on my abdomen. B. I will position the lap belt under my abdomen and the shoulder belt between my breasts and above my abdomen to minimize the risk of abdominal trauma. C. I will avoid wearing a seatbelt during my pregnancy to protect the baby. D. I will remove the seatbelt when driving at a slow speed to reduce the risk of abdominal trauma.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Wearing the seatbelt under the arm is not recommended as it may not distribute the force of a collision evenly and could increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. Proper positioning is crucial for safety.

Choice B rationale

Positioning the lap belt under the abdomen and the shoulder belt between the breasts and above the abdomen minimizes the risk of abdominal trauma and ensures both mother and baby are protected in the event of a collision. This is the recommended positioning for pregnant women.

Choice C rationale

Avoiding a seatbelt during pregnancy is not advised as it significantly increases the risk of injury or death for both the mother and the baby in the event of an accident. Seatbelts are crucial for safety.

Choice D rationale

Removing the seatbelt when driving at a slow speed still poses a significant risk. Even at low speeds, sudden stops or collisions can cause harm to both mother and baby. Consistent seatbelt use is essential.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum.Which of the following conditions are risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum?

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Which of the following conditions are risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum?