A nurse is caring for a client who is combative and requires wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A reason: This response does not address the client's immediate fear and hallucination. While it is important to collect the blood specimen as ordered, the nurse should first address the client's hallucination and provide reassurance. Simply stating that the provider requires the blood specimen may not reduce the client's anxiety or confusion.

Choice B reason: Telling the client they must be mistaken is dismissive of their experience. Clients experiencing hallucinations perceive them as real, and dismissing these perceptions can increase their distress and mistrust. Instead, the nurse should acknowledge the client's feelings and provide comfort without invalidating their experience.

Choice C reason: Stating that the nurse is using a syringe and not a snake may not be helpful, as the client is experiencing a hallucination and may not be able to distinguish between reality and their perception. This response does not validate the client's feelings or provide the necessary reassurance.

Choice D reason: Acknowledging the client's hallucination and expressing empathy is the most appropriate response. By saying, "I don't see a snake, but that must be scary for you," the nurse acknowledges the client's fear and provides comfort without reinforcing the hallucination. This approach helps build trust and rapport, making it easier to proceed with the necessary procedure while ensuring the client's emotional well-being.

Choice A reason: Low tolerance for frustration is a significant risk factor for becoming a perpetrator of child abuse. Individuals who have difficulty managing their frustration may be more likely to react impulsively and aggressively when faced with challenging situations. This inability to cope with frustration can lead to abusive behaviors, especially if the individual has not developed healthy coping mechanisms. The stress and demands of parenting can exacerbate these tendencies, increasing the risk of child abuse.

Choice B reason: Being involved in community activities is generally considered a protective factor rather than a risk factor. Participation in community activities can provide social support, reduce isolation, and offer positive role models. These factors can help individuals develop healthier coping strategies and reduce the likelihood of abusive behaviors. Therefore, involvement in community activities is not typically associated with an increased risk of becoming a perpetrator of child abuse.

Choice C reason: A submissive personality is not typically identified as a risk factor for becoming a perpetrator of child abuse. Submissive individuals are more likely to be passive and avoidant rather than aggressive and abusive. While personality traits can influence behavior, a submissive personality does not inherently increase the risk of perpetrating abuse. Other factors, such as a history of abuse, stress, and lack of support, are more relevant in assessing the risk of abusive behavior.

Choice D reason: The absence of impulsive behaviors is not a risk factor for becoming a perpetrator of child abuse. In fact, impulsivity is often associated with a higher risk of abusive behaviors. Individuals who lack impulsive behaviors are generally more capable of controlling their actions and responding to stress in a measured and thoughtful manner. Therefore, the absence of impulsive behaviors is not linked to an increased risk of child abuse.