A nurse is providing an in-service for hydrochlorothiazide (Hydro Diuril). Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding hydrochlorothiazide? (Select All That Apply).
The medication works in the distal tubule to block the reabsorption of sodium and chloride,
This medication is the first choice to treat essential hypertension
A complication of this medication is urinary retention
A complication of this medication is opioid toxicity
Correct Answer : A,B
A. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that works in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. It inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride, leading to increased excretion of water, sodium, and chloride.
B. Hydrochlorothiazide is often the first-line treatment for hypertension because it helps reduce blood pressure through diuresis (increased urine output), which reduces fluid volume in the body.
C. Urinary retention is not a known complication of hydrochlorothiazide. Instead, it may cause frequent urination due to its diuretic effect.
D. Hydrochlorothiazide does not interact with opioids in a way that would cause opioid toxicity. It primarily affects sodium and water balance in the body.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Nausea is a common symptom of the condition being treated with prochlorperazine (such as nausea from chemotherapy), but it is not a complication of the medication itself.
B. Anxiety is not a common complication of prochlorperazine. It is a dopamine antagonist, and while it may cause sedation, it is not known for causing anxiety.
C. Prochlorperazine is associated with cardiac side effects such as a prolonged QT interval, which can lead to arrhythmias. This is a serious complication and requires monitoring.
D. Vomiting is not a typical side effect of prochlorperazine; in fact, prochlorperazine is used to prevent nausea and vomiting.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The total volume to be infused is 500 mL. The total time for the infusion is 2 hours.
The formula to calculate the IV pump rate is: Rate (mL/hr) = Total Volume (mL) / Time (hr)
Rate (mL/hr) = 500 mL / 2 hr Rate (mL/hr) = 250 mL/hr
Therefore, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 250 mL/hr.
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