A nurse is caring for a patient who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Cerebral edema
Weakening
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood.
Choice B reason: Decreased deep tendon reflexes can be a sign of hyperkalemia, as high potassium levels can affect neuromuscular function.
Choice C reason: Cerebral edema is not a direct manifestation of hyperkalemia; it is more commonly associated with other conditions such as traumatic brain injury or stroke.
Choice D reason: Weakening, or muscle weakness, can be a symptom of hyperkalemia, but it is less specific than decreased deep tendon reflexes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the loss of bicarbonate, which is a base, leading to a relative increase in acidity.
Choice B reason: Salicylate intoxication can initially cause respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, but may later lead to metabolic acidosis as the body compensates.
Choice C reason: Vomiting typically leads to a loss of gastric acid, which would cause metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.
Choice D reason: Hyperventilation is more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive loss of CO2, which is an acid, not metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cisapride is a prokinetic agent that increases gastrointestinal motility and is unlikely to cause constipation.
Choice B reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation.
Choice C reason: Opioid analgesics are known to slow gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation, making this the correct answer.
Choice D reason: Statins are used to lower cholesterol and are not commonly associated with causing constipation.
Choice E reason: Anticholinergic/antispasmodic medications can cause constipation due to their action on the nervous system, which reduces muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract.
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