A nurse is caring for an older adult client with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a long-term care facility. The client is nonverbal and unable to communicate discomfort or changes in urinary habits. During a routine assessment, the nurse notes increased confusion, fever, and foul-smelling urine in the client. What should be the nurse's immediate action?

Perform a bladder scan to check for urinary retention

Start the client on an increased fluid intake regimen

Notify the healthcare provider immediately to order a urine culture and initiate antibiotic treatment

Administer acetaminophen to reduce the fever

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Perform a bladder scan to check for urinary retention: While urinary retention may be a concern, the client's symptoms (confusion, fever, foul-smelling urine) indicate a possible UTI, which should be addressed first.

B. Start the client on an increased fluid intake regimen: While fluid intake is important, the client needs immediate medical attention to diagnose and treat a possible infection.

C. Notify the healthcare provider immediately to order a urine culture and initiate antibiotic treatment: Correct. The client's symptoms suggest a urinary tract infection, which requires prompt diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics.

D. Administer acetaminophen to reduce the fever: While fever management is important, it does not address the underlying cause of the symptoms, which is likely a UTI.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fungal infections: Fluoroquinolones are not used to treat fungal infections; antifungal medications are required for such infections.

B. Viral infections: Fluoroquinolones are not effective against viral infections, as they are antibiotics targeting bacterial infections.

C. Parasitic infections: Fluoroquinolones are not used for treating parasitic infections.

D. Urinary tract infections: Fluoroquinolones are commonly prescribed for urinary tract infections due to their effectiveness against common urinary pathogens.

A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Hyperbicarbontemia D. Hypercalcemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis: Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that promotes the excretion of bicarbonate, leading to a decrease in bicarbonate levels and resulting in metabolic acidosis.

B. Metabolic alkalosis: Acetazolamide causes a decrease in bicarbonate, which would lead to acidosis, not alkalosis.

C. Hyperbicarbonatemia: Acetazolamide reduces bicarbonate reabsorption, leading to a decrease in bicarbonate levels, not an increase.

D. Hypercalcemia: Acetazolamide does not cause hypercalcemia; it affects acid-base balance and bicarbonate levels.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Fluoroquinolones, such as norfloxacin, are commonly prescribed antibiotics given to treat which of the following?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which electrolyte imbalance would the nurse expect to find in a client receiving acetazolamide?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is taking oxybutynin for overactive bladder and haloperidol (Haldol) for antipsychotic treatment. What possible side effect should the nurse monitor for due to the interaction of these medications?

Which of the following is a common use for doxazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the administration of transdermal oxybutynin?

A client comes to the clinic with reports of dysuria and frequency. The nurse practitioner suspects that the client is experiencing a UTI. Which laboratory testing would be most important?

A client with a urinary tract infection is experiencing intense burning and pain. The nurse reviews the client's electronic medical record after the client is prescribed phenazopyridine. What finding would contraindicate the safe and effective use of this medication?

The nurse is describing how oxybutynin exerts its effect to a client receiving it as treatment for overactive bladder. An understanding of which receptor would the nurse integrate into the description?

What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for a client with a history of urinary urgency who is taking oxybutynin (Ditropan)?