A nurse is collecting data from a client about risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a modifiable risk factor?

Family history of cardiovascular disease

Cholesterol 240 mg/dL

Sex

Age 65

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Family history of cardiovascular disease: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. Family history can increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease, but it cannot be changed.

B. Cholesterol 240 mg/dL: This is a modifiable risk factor. High cholesterol levels, particularly above 200 mg/dL, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and they can be managed through lifestyle changes, diet, and medication.

C. Sex: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. Men are generally at higher risk for cardiovascular disease at a younger age, while the risk increases for women after menopause.

D. Age 65: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. As people age, their risk for cardiovascular disease increases.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chadwick's sign is correct. Chadwick's sign refers to a purplish or bluish discoloration of the vagina and vulva that occurs early in pregnancy due to increased blood flow to the pelvic area. This is typically seen around the 8th week of gestation.

B. Hegar's sign is incorrect. Hegar's sign refers to the softening of the lower uterine segment, which is a physical change that can be felt during a pelvic examination. It is a sign of pregnancy but does not involve discoloration of the vaginal area.

C. Chloasma is incorrect. Chloasma, also called the "mask of pregnancy," refers to hyperpigmentation on the face, typically over the cheeks and forehead, not the vagina or vulva.

D. Ballottement is incorrect. Ballottement refers to a physical finding during a pelvic exam in which the examiner can feel the fetus floating in the amniotic fluid, typically observed after 16 weeks of pregnancy. It is unrelated to changes in vaginal or vulvar color.

A. Initiates speech rarely B. Has a preoccupation with religious thoughts C. Mimics the nurse's movements D. Smells odors that don't exist

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Initiates speech rarely: This is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, where the individual may exhibit a lack of motivation or interest in social interaction, leading to reduced speech or verbal communication. Negative symptoms refer to the absence or decrease of normal functioning or behaviors, such as lack of speech, emotional expression, or motivation.

B. Has a preoccupation with religious thoughts: This is more of a positive symptom, potentially indicating delusions or hallucinations. Positive symptoms involve the presence of abnormal thoughts or behaviors.

C. Mimics the nurse's movements: This behavior, called echopraxia, is a positive symptom of schizophrenia, which involves involuntary imitation of another person's movements.

D. Smells odors that don't exist: This is a hallucination, which is a positive symptom of schizophrenia. Hallucinations are sensory perceptions without external stimuli, such as hearing voices or smelling things that aren’t there.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client about risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a modifiable risk factor?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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