A nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been admitted with pyelonephritis. He is acutely ill with a high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. He also has severe pain in the flank area. What is the primary goal of treatment?
Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure.
Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics.
Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight.
Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure: The primary goal in managing pyelonephritis is to prevent complications such as renal damage or progression to renal failure.
B. Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics: Pain relief is important but secondary to preventing renal damage.
C. Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight: Nutrition is important but not the primary goal in acute pyelonephritis.
D. Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms: Hydration is crucial but supports the primary goal of preserving kidney function.
Nursing Test Bank
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Inject the ordered amount of heparin into the fistula: Heparin is not used to treat occlusion in a fistula without specific orders or a proper diagnostic workup.
B. Apply warm compresses and lower the arm below the heart level: These interventions are not effective for resolving an absent trill in an AV fistula.
C. Send the patient to dialysis for remedy: The absence of a trill requires immediate assessment before considering dialysis treatment.
D. Report to the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded: An absent trill may indicate occlusion or thrombosis of the AV fistula, which requires urgent evaluation and intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Check for edema of the legs and ankles: Edema is not a common complication of lithotripsy. Monitoring for stone fragments and urinary symptoms is more relevant.
B. Watch for stone debris in the urine in 1 to 4 weeks: Lithotripsy fragments stones, and the patient is expected to pass debris in the urine for several weeks post-procedure.
C. Remain on restricted activity for a week: Patients can usually resume normal activity shortly after lithotripsy unless otherwise instructed.
D. Decrease fluid intake to 1000 mL/day: Increased fluid intake is encouraged to help flush out stone fragments and reduce the risk of recurrence.
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