A nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been admitted with pyelonephritis. He is acutely ill with a high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. He also has severe pain in the flank area. What is the primary goal of treatment?

Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure.

Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics.

Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight.

Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure: The primary goal in managing pyelonephritis is to prevent complications such as renal damage or progression to renal failure.

B. Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics: Pain relief is important but secondary to preventing renal damage.

C. Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight: Nutrition is important but not the primary goal in acute pyelonephritis.

D. Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms: Hydration is crucial but supports the primary goal of preserving kidney function.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Bleeding from the kidney: Dark red urine often indicates bleeding from the upper urinary tract, including the kidneys, due to trauma, infection, or stones.

B. Dehydration: Dehydration typically causes concentrated urine with a darker yellow color, not red.

C. Bleeding from the lower urinary tract: Bleeding from the lower urinary tract usually results in bright red urine, not dark red urine.

D. Excessive red meat in the patient's diet: While dietary factors can influence urine color (e.g., beets), red meat does not cause dark red urine.

A. Patient states an awareness of signs and symptoms of kidney stones and knows where to find pain relief. B. Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi. C. Patient will avoid infections and situations that would increase stress. D. Patient will measure intake and output so that they will be approximately equal.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Patient states an awareness of signs and symptoms of kidney stones and knows where to find pain relief: Awareness of symptoms is important, but prevention of recurrence is the primary goal.

B. Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi: Prevention is the primary long-term goal in managing renal calculi. Understanding dietary adjustments, hydration, and lifestyle changes is crucial.

C. Patient will avoid infections and situations that would increase stress: Avoiding infections and stress is helpful but is not the main goal specific to renal calculi management.

D. Patient will measure intake and output so that they will be approximately equal: While monitoring hydration is important, it supports rather than defines the primary outcome of preventing recurrence.

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A nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been admitted with pyelonephritis. He is acutely ill with a high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting. He also has severe pain in the flank area. What is the primary goal of treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which outcome is most necessary for a patient diagnosed with renal calculi?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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