Which organism causes most UTIs?
Proteus mirabilis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Klebsiella pneumoniae
E. coli
The Correct Answer is D
A. Proteus mirabilis: While Proteus species can cause UTIs, they are less common than E. coli and are often associated with catheter-related infections.
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pseudomonas causes UTIs primarily in hospitalized patients or those with indwelling catheters.
C. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Klebsiella species are less common than E. coli as causes of community-acquired UTIs.
D. E. coli: E. coli is the most common cause of community-acquired UTIs, accounting for approximately 80–90% of cases, due to its presence in the gastrointestinal tract and close proximity to the urethra.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Eliminate urinary retention: Urinary antimicrobials do not address retention; this would require medications that promote bladder emptying.
B. Have an antiseptic effect on the urine and the urinary tract: Urinary antimicrobials work by reducing bacterial growth within the urinary tract.
C. Enhance output enough to flush out the infection from the urinary tract: Increased output may help prevent infections, but antimicrobials target bacterial pathogens directly.
D. Reduce pain associated with bladder spasms caused by the infection: Analgesics, not antimicrobials, are used for pain relief.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Multiple life changes and hormone deficiencies: These factors may contribute to psychological stress but do not directly increase the risk of physical injury.
B. Bone demineralization and peripheral neuropathy: Chronic renal failure often leads to bone demineralization (secondary to disrupted calcium-phosphorus metabolism) and peripheral neuropathy (due to uremic toxins), both of which increase injury risk.
C. Impaired immune response and malnutrition: These are common in chronic renal failure but are more related to infection risk than injury.
D. Fatigue and drug side effects: While fatigue and medication effects can contribute to falls, the primary causes are bone and nerve damage.
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