A nurse is discussing the pathophysiological consequences of cystic fibrosis (CF) with a client. Which of the following best describes how CF affects the respiratory system?

"CF primarily causes airway constriction due to inflammation."

"In CF, the thickened mucus in the airways leads to chronic inflammation, infections, and lung damage."

"CF results in the overproduction of surfactant, causing respiratory distress."

"The CFTR protein in the lungs fails to produce enough oxygen for normal breathing."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Incorrect. While inflammation can be a consequence of CF, it is not the primary cause of airway constriction.

B) Correct. In CF, thickened mucus accumulates in the airways, leading to chronic inflammation, recurrent infections, and progressive lung damage.

C) Incorrect. CF does not result in the overproduction of surfactant, which is a substance that helps reduce surface tension in the lungs.

D) Incorrect. The CFTR protein does not produce oxygen but rather regulates chloride ion and water transport in the lungs

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Both partners having a family history of CF increases the likelihood of carrying CF gene mutations, making it possible for their child to inherit the condition.

B) Incorrect. Having a single CF gene mutation (carrier status) does not guarantee that a child will develop CF; it requires inheriting two CF gene mutations, one from each parent.

C) Correct. CF is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, which means that a child will have CF only if they inherit two copies of the CF gene mutation, one from each parent.

D) Incorrect. The risk of a child having CF is determined by both parents' genetic history, not solely the mother's.

A. "CF is caused by a single gene mutation, which can be inherited from one parent." B. "CF results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors." C. "CF occurs due to an X-linked genetic mutation passed from mother to daughter." D. "CF is primarily caused by exposure to respiratory pathogens during infancy."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct. CF is primarily caused by mutations in a single gene, the CFTR gene, and it can be inherited from one parent, resulting in a carrier state, or from both parents for the disease to manifest.

B) Incorrect. While genetic factors are the primary cause of CF, environmental factors can exacerbate symptoms but are not the root cause.

C) Incorrect. CF is not an X-linked genetic disorder; it follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.

D) Incorrect. CF is not caused by exposure to respiratory pathogens during infancy; it is primarily a genetic disorder.

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A nurse is discussing the pathophysiological consequences of cystic fibrosis (CF) with a client. Which of the following best describes how CF affects the respiratory system?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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