A nurse is educating a client about the role of free radicals in chronic disease development. Which of the following lifestyle habits is most likely to increase free radical formation?
Smoking cigarettes regularly
Consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Engaging in regular moderate physical activity
Getting 7-9 hours of sleep each night
The Correct Answer is A
A. Smoking cigarettes regularly
Smoking introduces harmful chemicals that significantly increase oxidative stress and the production of free radicals, which damage cells and contribute to chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease.
B. Consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants that neutralize free radicals and help reduce their damaging effects.
C. Engaging in regular moderate physical activity
Moderate physical activity actually reduces oxidative stress over time by enhancing the body’s antioxidant defenses.
D. Getting 7–9 hours of sleep each night
Adequate sleep supports immune function and reduces oxidative stress. Lack of sleep—not healthy sleep—is more likely to increase free radicals.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Antioxidants are vitamins and minerals that help neutralize free radicals and protect cells from damage."
Antioxidants like vitamin C, E, and selenium help prevent oxidative stress.
B. "Antioxidants are only found in animal-based foods like dairy and meat."
Antioxidants are mostly found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains, not exclusively in animal products.
C. "Antioxidants are a type of fat stored in the liver to provide long-term energy."
This describes lipids, not antioxidants.
D. "Antioxidants are harmful substances that increase inflammation in the body."
Antioxidants are beneficial substances that reduce oxidative damage and inflammation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. It produces digestive enzymes
While the duodenum may activate enzymes, it does not produce major digestive enzymes itself. Most digestive enzymes come from the pancreas and intestinal glands.
B. It receives secretions from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine and receives bile from the liver and gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas, making it a central site for digestive processes to begin in earnest.
C. It is part of the large intestine
The duodenum is part of the small intestine, not the large intestine.
D. It has villi and microvilli
While the duodenum does have villi, this feature is not unique to it—all segments of the small intestine have villi. This is not the reason it is considered the "meeting point" for digestion.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.