A nurse is educating a group of individuals about HIV transmission. Which of the following modes of transmission is the main route for HIV to be passed from an infected person to an uninfected person?
Sharing injection equipment.
Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy.
Unprotected sexual intercourse.
Occupational exposure to infected blood.
Blood transfusion from an infected donor.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Sharing injection equipment can transmit HIV, but it is not the main route of transmission. This mode of transmission is more associated with other blood-borne infections like Hepatitis B and C.
Choice B rationale:
Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding can transmit HIV, but it is not the main route of transmission in the general population.
Choice C rationale:
Unprotected sexual intercourse is the main route for HIV transmission in the general population. Sexual contact with an infected person without using barrier methods like condoms can facilitate the spread of the virus.
Choice D rationale:
Occupational exposure to infected blood is a potential mode of transmission for healthcare workers, but it is not the main route of transmission for the general population.
Choice E rationale:
Blood transfusion from an infected donor was a significant mode of HIV transmission in the past, but extensive screening of blood donations has made this mode of transmission extremely rare.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is correct. HIV-1 is more prevalent in West Africa and has a slower progression to AIDS compared to HIV-2.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect. HIV-2 is actually less virulent than HIV-1, and it is more commonly found in West Africa and certain parts of Asia.
Choice C rationale:
HIV-1 is divided into four groups (M, N, O, and P), each having several subtypes. HIV-2, on the other hand, is divided into nine subtypes (A to I)
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. The most common HIV-1 subtype worldwide is group M, specifically subtype C, which is predominant in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia. The most common subtype in the US is subtype
B.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A:
Needle exchange programs and Choice C:
Infection prevention education.
Choice A rationale:
Needle exchange programs are essential in minimizing the negative consequences of drug use, especially for patients with HIV. These programs provide clean needles and syringes, reducing the risk of transmitting the virus through contaminated equipment.
Choice C rationale:
Infection prevention education is crucial for patients with HIV who engage in drug use. Educating them about safe practices and harm reduction strategies can help reduce the risk of spreading infections and improve overall health outcomes.
Choice B rationale:
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is not relevant to this situation. PEP is a preventive treatment given after potential exposure to HIV, not a strategy to minimize the consequences of ongoing drug use.
Choice D rationale:
Male circumcision has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in heterosexual men. However, it is not a strategy to minimize the negative consequences of drug use, and its relevance is not applicable to this question.
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