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The nurse learns that a family has declined an elective medical intervention for a health care problem because paying for the care would drastically reduce the family's resources and ability to meet the needs of other family members. Ethically, which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

Appreciate that the family has made the decision that it feels is best and take no further action if it is clear the family has made an informed choice.

Try to convince the agency to give the care for free, even if it means economic stress for the agency, because the medical need is obvious.

Stress that each individual in society has a right to health care and the family will have to create some way to raise funds for the needed treatment.

Talk to the media to see whether a campaign to raise funds for the family can be created.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Appreciate that the family has made the decision that it feels is best and take no further action if it is clear the family has made an informed choice: Respecting autonomy is a key ethical principle in nursing. If the family has made an informed decision without coercion, the nurse should respect their choice. Beneficence and nonmaleficence do not override autonomy in this case.

B. Try to convince the agency to give the care for free, even if it means economic stress for the agency, because the medical need is obvious: While advocacy is important, it is unethical to place financial strain on an agency without proper policy in place. This option disregards justice (fair distribution of resources).

C. Stress that each individual in society has a right to healthcare and the family will have to create some way to raise funds for the needed treatment: While healthcare access is a concern, pressuring the family to raise funds imposes unrealistic expectations and does not respect their right to decline care.

D. Talk to the media to see whether a campaign to raise funds for the family can be created: Disclosing a family's personal health information without consent violates confidentiality and privacy rights under ethical and legal guidelines.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B is a bloodborne disease, primarily spread through contact with infected bodily fluids, not through a vector.

B. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a vector-borne disease transmitted by tick bites. Vectors are living organisms, such as mosquitoes or ticks, that carry infectious agents.

C. E. coli O157:H7: E. coli is a foodborne illness that spreads through contaminated food or water, not via a vector.

D. Anthrax: Anthrax is a bacterial infection that spreads through direct contact, ingestion, or inhalation of spores, not through a vector.

A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass. B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure. C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic. D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass: This dismisses the symptoms and delays necessary public health intervention.

B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure: Koplik spots (small white spots inside the cheeks) are a classic early sign of measles, which is highly contagious. Prompt notification is needed to prevent an outbreak.

C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic: While rubella also causes a rash, it does not present with Koplik spots.

D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids: Symptomatic relief is important but does not address the risk of measles transmission.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The public health nurse understands that which of the following is an example of a vector borne disease?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A student comes to the college health clinic with typical cold symptoms of fever, sneezing, and coughing, but the nurse also notes a rash with small white spots on the inside of the student's cheeks. Which of the following actions should be taken by the college health nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client was clearly very relieved when an HIV test came back negative. "Thank goodness. I've had sex several times without a condom, and when one of my friends said he was sick, I think I panicked." Which of the following would be most important to emphasize to the client immediately?

The public health nurse is investigating a botulism outbreak. The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the greatest risk factor for development of the disease?

The public health nurse understands that under police power, the states can do which of the following?

A nurse wishes to develop cultural competence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Which of the following statements about children and environmental hazards is correct?

For a bedridden Muslim patient, the nurse rearranges the room and moves the bed so that it faces toward Mecca for the patient's daily prayers. Which of the following is the nurse demonstrating through these actions?

The newly hired public health nurse understands that which of the following best describes the purpose of local health departments making unannounced inspections of local restaurants?