A nurse is listening to a client who is a victim of intimate partner violence. The client is describing how events would unfold with the partner. The nurse interprets the client's statements and identifies which action as characteristic of the second phase of the cycle of violence?

A. The batterer is contrite and attempts to apologize for the behavior. - This action is more characteristic of the "honeymoon" phase, which follows the tension-building phase and involves the abuser expressing remorse or making promises to change.

B. The victim accepts the anger as legitimately directed at him or her. - This is not specifically characteristic of the second phase but could potentially occur as a coping mechanism or as a result of manipulation and gaslighting tactics employed by the abuser.

C. The physical battery is abrupt and unpredictable. - This description aligns more closely with the acute battering incident, which occurs in the final phase of the cycle of violence, following the tension-building phase.

D. Verbal assaults begin to escalate toward the victim. - This option reflects the tension-building phase, where verbal abuse and other forms of intimidation may escalate in frequency and intensity as the tension between the abuser and victim increases.

A. "I should avoid drinking orange juice."

- This statement is incorrect. Vitamin C, found in orange juice and other citrus fruits, can actually enhance the absorption of iron from iron supplements. Therefore, it is recommended to take iron supplements with vitamin C-rich foods or beverages to improve iron absorption. Advising the pregnant woman to avoid orange juice would be counterproductive to optimizing iron absorption.

B. "I should take my iron with milk."

- This statement is incorrect. Calcium, found in milk and dairy products, can inhibit the absorption of iron from iron supplements. Therefore, it is generally advised to avoid taking iron supplements with milk or other calcium-rich foods or beverages. Instead, iron supplements should be taken with water or vitamin C-rich foods or beverages to enhance iron absorption.

C. "I need to eat foods high in fiber."

- While it's important to maintain a balanced diet with adequate fiber intake for overall health, this statement does not directly relate to the appropriate use of iron supplements. While dietary fiber can affect digestion and bowel movements, it does not significantly impact the absorption of iron from iron supplements. Therefore, while it's beneficial to consume a diet high in fiber for various health reasons, it is not specifically necessary in relation to iron supplementation.

D. "I'll call the primary care provider if my stool is black and tarry."

- This statement is correct and indicates successful teaching. Black, tarry stools can indicate the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can occur as a side effect of iron supplementation. By instructing the pregnant woman to contact her primary care provider if she experiences black, tarry stools, she demonstrates understanding of a potential adverse effect of iron supplementation and knows to seek appropriate medical attention if necessary.