During a routine health check-up, a young adult woman asks the nurse about ways to prevent endometrial cancer. Which actions would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

engaging in daily exercise

eating a high-fat diet

becoming pregnant

using estrogen contraceptives

Having regular pelvic exams

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Engaging in daily exercise:

Regular physical activity has been associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer. Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight and may help regulate hormone levels, which can contribute to a lower risk of developing endometrial cancer.

B. Eating a high-fat diet:

Consuming a high-fat diet may increase the risk of endometrial cancer. High-fat diets have been linked to obesity, which in turn is a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Additionally, high-fat diets may alter hormone levels in the body, potentially affecting the development of endometrial cancer.

C. Becoming pregnant:

Pregnancy and childbirth can have a protective effect against endometrial cancer. During pregnancy, hormonal changes and the cessation of menstrual cycles may reduce the exposure of the endometrium to estrogen, potentially decreasing the risk of developing endometrial cancer.

D. Using estrogen contraceptives:

Estrogen-containing contraceptives, such as birth control pills, patches, or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs), have been associated with a higher risk of endometrial cancer, especially if used for extended periods. Estrogen alone, without the balancing effect of progesterone, can stimulate the growth of the endometrium and increase the risk of cancer.

E. Having regular pelvic exams:

Regular pelvic exams, which may include a Pap smear and/or endometrial biopsy, can help detect abnormalities in the endometrium at an early stage. Early detection can lead to timely intervention and treatment, potentially reducing the risk of advanced endometrial cancer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Alcohol:

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to a range of adverse effects on the fetus, collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). However, the symptoms described in the scenario—tachycardia, hypertension, and evidence suggesting vasoconstriction—are not typical of alcohol use. While alcohol can lead to hypertension in chronic heavy drinkers, it is not commonly associated with tachycardia and vasoconstriction in the same way that stimulant drugs like cocaine are.

B. Heroin:

Heroin is an opioid drug that depresses the central nervous system, leading to effects such as respiratory depression, sedation, and decreased heart rate. While heroin use during pregnancy can have serious consequences for both the mother and the fetus, including neonatal withdrawal syndrome (neonatal abstinence syndrome), it is not typically associated with tachycardia, hypertension, and vasoconstriction. Therefore, heroin is less likely to be the substance causing the symptoms described in the scenario.

C. Marijuana:

Marijuana use during pregnancy has been associated with various adverse outcomes, including low birth weight and neurodevelopmental issues in children. However, the symptoms described—tachycardia, hypertension, and evidence suggesting vasoconstriction—are not typical of marijuana use. Marijuana is more commonly associated with effects such as relaxation, increased heart rate (tachycardia), and vasodilation (not vasoconstriction). Therefore, marijuana is less likely to be the substance causing the symptoms described in the scenario.

D. Cocaine:

Cocaine is a potent stimulant drug that acts on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system, leading to effects such as tachycardia, hypertension, and vasoconstriction. These symptoms are consistent with acute cocaine intoxication. Cocaine use during pregnancy can have serious adverse effects on both the mother and the fetus, including increased risk of miscarriage, preterm labor, placental abruption, and fetal growth restriction. Therefore, given the symptoms described in the scenario, cocaine is the substance that the nurse would question the woman about.

A. alcohol B. caffeine C. chocolate D. nicotine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Alcohol:

Metronidazole interacts with alcohol, leading to a disulfiram-like reaction. This reaction can cause unpleasant symptoms such as flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting, and rapid heart rate. It's crucial for clients taking metronidazole to avoid consuming alcohol to prevent these adverse reactions.

B. Caffeine:

There are no known significant interactions between metronidazole and caffeine. Therefore, clients taking metronidazole do not typically need to avoid caffeine-containing products.

C. Chocolate:

There are no known significant interactions between metronidazole and chocolate. Therefore, clients taking metronidazole do not typically need to avoid chocolate consumption.

D. Nicotine:

There are no known significant interactions between metronidazole and nicotine. Therefore, clients taking metronidazole do not typically need to avoid nicotine consumption, such as smoking or using nicotine replacement products.

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During a routine health check-up, a young adult woman asks the nurse about ways to prevent endometrial cancer. Which actions would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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