During a routine health check-up, a young adult woman asks the nurse about ways to prevent endometrial cancer. Which actions would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

engaging in daily exercise

eating a high-fat diet

becoming pregnant

using estrogen contraceptives

Having regular pelvic exams

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Engaging in daily exercise:

Regular physical activity has been associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer. Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight and may help regulate hormone levels, which can contribute to a lower risk of developing endometrial cancer.

B. Eating a high-fat diet:

Consuming a high-fat diet may increase the risk of endometrial cancer. High-fat diets have been linked to obesity, which in turn is a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Additionally, high-fat diets may alter hormone levels in the body, potentially affecting the development of endometrial cancer.

C. Becoming pregnant:

Pregnancy and childbirth can have a protective effect against endometrial cancer. During pregnancy, hormonal changes and the cessation of menstrual cycles may reduce the exposure of the endometrium to estrogen, potentially decreasing the risk of developing endometrial cancer.

D. Using estrogen contraceptives:

Estrogen-containing contraceptives, such as birth control pills, patches, or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs), have been associated with a higher risk of endometrial cancer, especially if used for extended periods. Estrogen alone, without the balancing effect of progesterone, can stimulate the growth of the endometrium and increase the risk of cancer.

E. Having regular pelvic exams:

Regular pelvic exams, which may include a Pap smear and/or endometrial biopsy, can help detect abnormalities in the endometrium at an early stage. Early detection can lead to timely intervention and treatment, potentially reducing the risk of advanced endometrial cancer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Blood transfusion:

Historically, blood transfusions were a significant mode of HIV transmission. However, with improved screening techniques and blood supply management, the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusions has been greatly reduced. It's still a potential risk, but much less common than it used to be.

B. Sharing needles for IV drug use:

Sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia is a high-risk behavior for HIV transmission because it can directly introduce infected blood into the bloodstream. Injection drug use is a significant risk factor for acquiring HIV, especially among adolescents and adults who engage in this behavior.

C. Perinatal transmission:

Perinatal transmission occurs when a pregnant woman with HIV passes the virus to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. With proper medical care and interventions, the risk of perinatal transmission can be significantly reduced. However, without appropriate interventions, the risk of transmission from mother to child is significant.

D. Sexual intercourse:

Sexual intercourse, particularly unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner, is the most common mode of HIV transmission among adolescents and adults. It's important to educate individuals about safe sex practices, including the use of condoms and communication with sexual partners about HIV status, to prevent transmission.

A. Inspect the breasts. B. Palpate the axillary area. C. Compress the nipple for a discharge. D. Palpate the breasts.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Inspect the breasts:

Inspecting the breasts visually is usually the first step in a clinical breast examination. The nurse observes the size, shape, symmetry, and skin characteristics of the breasts, including any visible abnormalities such as dimpling, puckering, or changes in skin texture or color.

B. Palpate the axillary area:

Palpating the axillary (underarm) area is typically done after inspecting the breasts. This allows the nurse to assess for any enlarged lymph nodes or palpable masses in the axillary region, which could indicate pathology or breast cancer metastasis.

C. Compress the nipple for a discharge:

If there are concerns about nipple discharge, this step may follow breast palpation. By gently compressing the nipple, the nurse can assess for any abnormal discharge, such as bloody or spontaneous discharge, which may warrant further investigation.

D. Palpate the breasts:

Palpating the breasts is usually performed after visual inspection and axillary palpation. During breast palpation, the nurse systematically examines each breast using circular motions with varying pressure to detect any lumps, masses, or areas of tenderness. This thorough palpation helps identify any abnormalities within the breast tissue.

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During a routine health check-up, a young adult woman asks the nurse about ways to prevent endometrial cancer. Which actions would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After teaching a group of adolescents about HIV, the nurse asks them to identify the primary means by which adolescents are exposed to the virus. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which means of exposure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

When performing a clinical breast examination, which would the nurse do first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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