A nurse suspects that a client is developing HELLP syndrome. The nurse notifies the health care provider based on which finding?

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

elevated platelet count

elevated liver enzymes

hyperglycemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC):

DIC is a serious condition characterized by abnormal clotting throughout the body's blood vessels, leading to both bleeding and clotting simultaneously. While it can occur in severe cases of HELLP syndrome, it is not a specific finding used to diagnose HELLP syndrome. Instead, it's a complication that can develop due to various underlying conditions, including HELLP syndrome.

B. Elevated platelet count:

In HELLP syndrome, platelet count is typically decreased, not elevated. HELLP syndrome stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets. The low platelet count is a key diagnostic feature of HELLP syndrome and contributes to the risk of bleeding complications.

C. Elevated liver enzymes:

Elevated liver enzymes, particularly elevated levels of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase), are hallmark features of HELLP syndrome. Liver involvement is a significant component of this syndrome, and elevated liver enzymes are part of the diagnostic criteria.

D. Hyperglycemia:

While hyperglycemia can occur in various conditions, it is not a characteristic finding of HELLP syndrome. HELLP syndrome primarily affects the liver, blood clotting factors, and platelets, leading to features such as elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count, and hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells).

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Hypertonicity: Neonates experiencing withdrawal from heroin may exhibit increased muscle tone, leading to stiffness or rigidity. This is often observed as hypertonicity in their limbs or overall body.

B. Excessive sneezing: Nasal congestion and sneezing are common symptoms in neonates undergoing withdrawal. These symptoms can occur due to the irritant effects of withdrawal on the respiratory system.

C. Low whimpering cry: Infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) may have a weak or high-pitched cry, which may sound like whimpering. This cry can be indicative of the discomfort and distress they are experiencing.

D. Overly vigorous sucking: Neonates with NAS may display exaggerated sucking behaviors, often characterized by frantic or overly vigorous sucking during feeding or when provided with a pacifier. This behavior is a manifestation of their heightened agitation and irritability.

E. Lethargy: Some neonates experiencing NAS may appear excessively drowsy, fatigued, or have decreased responsiveness. Lethargy is a common symptom associated with withdrawal from heroin or other opioids.

F. Tremors: Tremors or shaking movements, especially when the neonate is disturbed or agitated, are hallmark signs of NAS. These tremors can be mild to severe and may affect various parts of the body, such as the arms, legs, or jaw.

A. Void every hour while awake. B. Take a laxative every night. C. Limit the intake of fluid. D. Perform Kegel exercises daily.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Void every hour while awake:

Voiding every hour while awake may help prevent urinary retention and reduce the risk of overdistension of the bladder, particularly in the immediate postoperative period or in individuals with urinary issues. However, this action alone does not specifically target the muscles involved in urinary sphincter control. While it may assist in maintaining bladder health and preventing complications, it does not directly address regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery.

B. Take a laxative every night:

Laxatives are medications used to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements. However, taking a laxative every night is not relevant to regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery. While constipation can indirectly affect bladder function by causing pressure on the bladder, it is not a direct method for strengthening the muscles involved in urinary sphincter control.

C. Limit the intake of fluid:

Limiting fluid intake may be recommended in certain situations, such as managing urinary frequency or urgency, or if there are concerns about bladder overactivity. However, restricting fluid intake is not typically advised as a method for regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery. In fact, adequate hydration is generally important for overall health and urinary function. Limiting fluid intake may lead to dehydration and other health complications.

D. Perform Kegel exercises daily:

Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, including those that control the urinary sphincter. By regularly performing Kegel exercises, individuals can improve the strength and coordination of these muscles, which may aid in regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery or in managing urinary incontinence. Therefore, this action is the most appropriate choice for addressing the issue of urinary sphincter control in the context of bladder surgery.

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A nurse suspects that a client is developing HELLP syndrome. The nurse notifies the health care provider based on which finding?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A neonate born to a mother who was abusing heroin is exhibiting signs and symptoms of withdrawal. Which signs would the nurse assess? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

To assist the woman in regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery, the nurse should teach the client to perform which action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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