A nurse is performing an admission assessment on an older patient who presented with a high fever and cough, reduced oral intake for 3 days, and lower extremity weakness. The patient has sunken eyes, and the patient’s skin turgor over the sternum is poor. The nurse suspects that the patient is dehydrated. Which of the following are indicators of dehydration in this patient? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: Constipation is the nurse's priority for preventive care, as it is a common and serious side effect of morphine and other opioids, which can slow down the bowel movements and cause hard, dry stools. The nurse would advise the older adult to increase their fiber and fluid intake, use stool softeners or laxatives as prescribed, and report any signs of bowel obstruction, such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, or vomiting.

Choice B reason: Poor liquid intake is not the nurse's priority for preventive care, as it is not directly related to the use of morphine, although it can contribute to constipation and dehydration. The nurse would advise the older adult to drink enough fluids, unless they have a fluid restriction, and to monitor their urine output, color, and specific gravity.

Choice C reason: Diarrhea is not the nurse's priority for preventive care, as it is not a common side effect of morphine, although it can occur in some cases due to an allergic reaction, intolerance, or overdose. The nurse would advise the older adult to report any episodes of diarrhea, as it can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or malabsorption.

Choice D reason: Poor solid food intake is not the nurse's priority for preventive care, as it is not directly related to the use of morphine, although it can affect the nutritional status and wound healing of the older adult. The nurse would advise the older adult to eat a balanced diet that meets their caloric and protein needs, and to avoid foods that can cause gas, indigestion, or constipation.

Choice A reason: Empowering older adults to manage chronic illness is a way of promoting self-care and autonomy, but it is not a specific example of leadership in the care of older people.

Choice B reason: Coordinating members of the health care team is a way of demonstrating leadership in the care of older people, as it involves communication, collaboration, and delegation of tasks among different professionals and disciplines.

Choice C reason: Facilitating access to elder care programs is a way of providing resources and support for older people, but it is not a direct example of leadership in the care of older people.

Choice D reason: Assessing older adults effectively is a way of ensuring quality and safety in the care of older people, but it is not a unique example of leadership in the care of older people.