A nurse is preparing a teaching program for a group of pregnant women about preventing infections during pregnancy. When describing measures for preventing cytomegalovirus infection, which measure would the nurse include as a priority?
immunization
prenatal screening
antibody titer screening
frequent handwashing
The Correct Answer is D
A. Immunization:
Currently, there is no licensed vaccine available for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Therefore, immunization is not a viable option for preventing CMV infection during pregnancy. While researchers are actively working on developing a CMV vaccine, it is not yet available for widespread use.
B. Prenatal screening:
Prenatal screening for CMV is not routinely performed during prenatal care. Screening for CMV during pregnancy is not typically recommended unless there is a specific clinical indication, such as maternal symptoms suggestive of acute CMV infection or fetal abnormalities detected on ultrasound. Therefore, prenatal screening is not a primary preventive measure for CMV infection during pregnancy.
C. Antibody titer screening:
Antibody titer screening for CMV is also not routinely performed during prenatal care. While some healthcare providers may offer CMV antibody testing in certain situations, such as for women with a known exposure to CMV or those at increased risk of primary CMV infection during pregnancy, it is not a standard practice for all pregnant women. Therefore, antibody titer screening is not a primary preventive measure for CMV infection during pregnancy.
D. Frequent handwashing:
Frequent handwashing is the most important preventive measure for reducing the risk of CMV infection during pregnancy. CMV is commonly transmitted through close contact with bodily fluids, such as saliva, urine, blood, and genital secretions. Proper hand hygiene, including washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after coming into contact with young children's saliva or urine, can help prevent the spread of CMV. This measure is crucial for pregnant women to reduce their risk of acquiring CMV and transmitting it to their unborn babies.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. adjunct therapy to radiation and chemotherapy:
This option is not applicable to HIV/AIDS treatment. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is specifically used to treat HIV infection by targeting the replication of the virus. It is not used as adjunct therapy to radiation or chemotherapy, which are treatments typically used for cancer.
B. treatment of opportunistic infections:
While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help prevent opportunistic infections by boosting the immune system, its primary purpose is not the treatment of these infections. Rather, ART focuses on suppressing the replication of the HIV virus itself.
C. reduction in viral loads in the blood:
This is the correct rationale for antiretroviral therapy. The main goal of ART is to reduce the viral load in the blood to undetectable levels. By doing so, ART helps to slow the progression of HIV infection, improve immune function, and reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others.
D. can cure acute HIV/AIDS infections:
This statement is incorrect. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective in controlling HIV infection and preventing progression to AIDS, it does not cure acute HIV/AIDS infections. HIV remains a chronic condition that requires lifelong management with ART.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "I won't use my birth control pills for at least a year or two." - This statement does not accurately reflect the teaching provided. After treatment for gestational trophoblastic disease, it is important for the woman to avoid pregnancy for a specified period of time to allow for monitoring and to reduce the risk of complications. However, the use of birth control pills is typically recommended to prevent pregnancy during this period.
B. "I will be sure to avoid getting pregnant for at least 1 year." - This statement demonstrates understanding of the teaching. After treatment for gestational trophoblastic disease, healthcare providers typically recommend avoiding pregnancy for at least one year. This allows for monitoring of hCG levels to ensure they return to normal and to reduce the risk of recurrence.
C. "My blood pressure will continue to be increased for about 6 more months." - This statement is not related to the teaching about gestational trophoblastic disease. Blood pressure may be affected during pregnancy, but it is not a specific concern related to treatment for gestational trophoblastic disease.
D. "My intake of iron will have to be closely monitored for 6 months." - This statement is not directly related to the teaching about gestational trophoblastic disease. While monitoring of iron levels may be important for overall health, it is not a specific recommendation related to treatment for this condition.
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