A nurse is providing care to a client who has acute stress disorder. Which of the following client statements is consistent with this disorder?

"I was in a terrible car crash 2 years ago and I have been unable to drive a car since then

"My parents fought a lot when I was a child. Now when I hear people yelling or fighting. I feel like I left my body."

"I was in a car crash 2 weeks ago and I have nightmares when sleep

"I was physically abused when I was a child and have frequent flashbacks since then.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. This statement describes a long-term reaction to a traumatic event, which is more consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rather than acute stress disorder (ASD), which occurs within 3 days to 4 weeks of a traumatic event.
B. This statement refers to dissociation related to a past trauma but doesn’t specifically indicate the timeframe for acute stress disorder, which typically involves symptoms that occur shortly after a trauma.
C. Acute stress disorder occurs within 3 days to 4 weeks of a traumatic event and can include symptoms like nightmares, intrusive thoughts, and flashbacks. This statement is consistent with ASD, which is characterized by immediate reactions to a traumatic event.
D. This statement suggests long-term PTSD symptoms (such as flashbacks) after childhood trauma, not acute stress disorder. PTSD typically develops after the symptoms persist for more than a month.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Type 1 diabetes is not caused by a single recessive gene. It has a genetic component but typically involves multiple genes, with HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 being associated with increased risk, and is often triggered by autoimmune reactions.
B. The HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 genes are associated with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, as it is an autoimmune condition that destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
C. While infections (including viral infections) can sometimes trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes, bacterial infections themselves do not cause the condition. It is autoimmune in nature, where the body attacks its insulin-producing cells.
D. Excessive heat and temperatures do not cause type 1 diabetes. The condition is driven by genetic and autoimmune factors, not environmental ones like heat.
E. Exposure to processing of metals and proteins does not cause type 1 diabetes. The disease is primarily associated with genetic predisposition and autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

A. States that connecting with family is comforting B. Loss of appetite C. Has intense moments of sadness D. Loss of interest in pleasurable activities

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Finding comfort in connecting with family is a healthy coping mechanism and a normal part of the grieving process, not an indicator of clinical depression.
B. Loss of appetite can occur with both grief and depression, so it is not specific enough to indicate clinical depression.
C. Intense sadness is a normal reaction to grief, especially shortly after a loss. It is not necessarily pathological.
D. Loss of interest in pleasurable activities (anhedonia) is a hallmark symptom of clinical depression. When sadness persists and interferes with daily functioning and enjoyment of life, it may signal the transition from normal grief to a depressive disorder.

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A nurse is providing care to a client who has acute stress disorder. Which of the following client statements is consistent with this disorder?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a group of young adults regarding nonmodifiable risk factors for the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which attendee statement indicates a need for further instruction? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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