A nurse is providing information to a group of new mothers. Which rationale would the nurse provide for why newborns and young infants are more susceptible to infection?
Passive transplacental immunity from maternal immunoglobulin G
Exposure to microorganisms during the birth process
Low levels of antibodies
High level of maternal antibodies to diseases to which the mother has been exposed
The Correct Answer is C
a) Passive transplacental immunity from maternal immunoglobulin G: While this provides some initial immunity, it does not fully account for the susceptibility to infections in newborns and young infants.
b) Exposure to microorganisms during the birth process: Though exposure can occur during birth, it is not the primary reason for heightened susceptibility to infections.
c) Low levels of antibodies: Newborns and young infants have underdeveloped immune systems and fewer antibodies, making them more vulnerable to infections.
d) High level of maternal antibodies to diseases to which the mother has been exposed: Maternal antibodies initially provide some protection, but they gradually decline, contributing to the infant's susceptibility to infections.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) Immediately packing the nares with cotton with neo-synephrine: Packing the nose immediately is not usually recommended as a first aid measure and should be done by a healthcare professional.
b) Tilting the child’s head forward, squeezing below the nasal bone, and applying ice to the nose: Correct first aid for epistaxis involves tilting the head forward to prevent swallowing of blood, applying pressure below the nasal bone, and using ice to constrict blood vessels.
c) Tilting the child’s head back, squeezing the bridge of the nose, and applying a warm pack to the nose: Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially lead to swallowing or choking on blood.
d) Lying the child down and applying a warm pack: Lying down may increase the risk of swallowing blood and should be avoided during a nosebleed.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR): Does not directly protect against epiglottitis.
b) Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP): While important for other diseases, does not directly prevent epiglottitis.
c) Hepatitis B: Provides immunity against hepatitis B, not epiglottitis.
d) Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib): The Hib vaccine specifically targets Haemophilus influenzae type B bacteria, which is the main cause of epiglottitis. Immunization with the Hib vaccine has dramatically reduced the incidence of epiglottitis and other serious infections caused by Hib.
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