A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 34 mm Hg and HCO3 21 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Respiratory alkalosis: This condition is characterized by low levels of carbon dioxide
(PaCO2) in the blood and an elevated pH. The ABG results in DKA show a low pH, ruling out respiratory alkalosis.
B.   Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by high bicarbonate (HCO3) levels and an elevated pH. The ABG results in DKA show low bicarbonate levels, ruling out metabolic alkalosis.
C.   Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by low pH and low bicarbonate (HCO3) levels. The ABG results in DKA demonstrate both low pH and low bicarbonate levels, consistent with metabolic acidosis.
D.   Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by high carbon dioxide (PaCO2) levels and low pH. The ABG results in DKA show a normal or slightly decreased PaCO2, ruling out respiratory acidosis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Bupropion is not typically used as a first-line treatment for bulimia nervosa. Additionally, administering it before meals is not a standard practice for managing bulimia nervosa.
B. Incorrect. Allowing the client unrestricted access to food throughout the day may exacerbate binge-eating behaviors associated with bulimia nervosa. Structured meal plans are typically recommended instead.
C. Incorrect. While monitoring weight is important in the management of bulimia nervosa, weighing the client once weekly may not provide adequate monitoring, as fluctuations in weight can occur more frequently.
D. Correct. Observing the client for a period after meals helps to prevent purging behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives, which are common in bulimia nervosa. This intervention allows for immediate intervention if purging behaviors are observed and can help ensure the client's safety.

A. Hypernatremia B. Hypercalcemia C. Hypermagnesemia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia: Hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels) is not typically associated with the emergent phase of burn injuries.
B. Hypercalcemia: Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels) is not typically associated with the emergent phase of burn injuries.
C. Hypermagnesemia: Hypermagnesemia (elevated magnesium levels) is not typically associated with the emergent phase of burn injuries.
D. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is a common electrolyte imbalance seen in the emergent phase of burn injuries due to the release of potassium from damaged cells.
It can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias and other complications if not promptly addressed.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 34 mm Hg and HCO3 21 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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