A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Hypernatremia

Hypophosphatemia

Hypercalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Hypernatremia, which is an abnormally high level of sodium in the blood, is not typically associated with prerenal AKI. Prerenal AKI is often related to hypovolemia, which can lead to hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia.

Choice B reason: Hypophosphatemia, or low levels of phosphate in the blood, is not a common finding in prerenal AKI. Phosphate levels are more often affected in intrinsic renal diseases or refeeding syndrome.

Choice C reason: Hypercalcemia, or high levels of calcium in the blood, is not commonly seen in prerenal AKI. It is more frequently associated with malignancies or hyperparathyroidism.

Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood, is a common electrolyte imbalance in prerenal AKI. This occurs due to decreased renal perfusion and the kidney's reduced ability to excrete potassium.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flatened neck veins would suggest dehydration rather than fluid overload.

Choice B reason: The return of skin to previous position when pinched indicates good skin turgor, not fluid overload.

Choice C reason: A significant weight gain in a short period, such as 5 lb since yesterday, is a classic sign of fluid overload.

Choice D reason: An oxygen saturation of 93% does not necessarily indicate fluid overload.

A. Flank pain B. Confusion C. Hypotension D. Urinary retention

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flank pain is a common symptom of PKD due to the enlargement of cysts within the kidneys.

Choice B reason: Confusion is not a direct symptom of PKD but could be related to complications such as severe hypertension or toxins in the blood due to decreased kidney function.

Choice C reason: Hypotension is not typically associated with PKD; in fact, hypertension is a more common finding due to the disease's impact on kidney function.

Choice D reason: Urinary retention is not a typical finding in PKD. Instead, symptoms like hematuria (blood in the urine) and increased urinary frequency may occur.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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