A nurse is teaching a 90-year-old client about a new medication regimen. Which principle would be most important for the nurse to integrate into the teaching session?

Numerous factors can interfere with learning, but learning ability is not seriously altered with age.

Simple association is well executed by older adults but complex analysis is normally absent.

Older adults require simplified learning objectives and slower introduction of new directions

Successful learning late in life requires a multisensory teaching approach.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Numerous factors can interfere with learning, but learning ability is not seriously altered with age.

This statement is partially correct. While it is true that learning ability can be influenced by various factors such as health, cognitive function, motivation, and sensory impairments, it's not entirely accurate to say that learning ability is not seriously altered with age. Aging can indeed bring changes in cognitive function, including slower processing speed, reduced working memory capacity, and declines in certain aspects of learning and memory. Therefore, it's important for the nurse to recognize potential age-related changes and tailor teaching strategies accordingly.

B. Simple association is well executed by older adults but complex analysis is normally absent.

This statement oversimplifies the cognitive abilities of older adults. While some cognitive functions may decline with age, older adults are still capable of complex analysis and critical thinking. Research suggests that older adults can perform well on tasks that require experience-based knowledge, wisdom, and problem-solving skills. However, they may experience challenges with processing speed and working memory, which can affect learning and problem-solving in certain contexts. Therefore, the nurse should not underestimate the cognitive abilities of older adults but should consider individual differences and adapt teaching strategies accordingly.

C. Older adults require simplified learning objectives and slower introduction of new directions.

This statement aligns with principles of gerontological nursing and adult learning theory. Older adults may benefit from simplified learning objectives and a slower pace of instruction due to potential age-related changes in cognitive function, sensory abilities, and attention span. Breaking down complex information into smaller, manageable chunks and providing clear, step-by-step instructions can enhance comprehension and retention for older learners. Therefore, this principle is important for the nurse to integrate into the teaching session to optimize learning outcomes for the 90-year-old client.

D. Successful learning late in life requires a multisensory teaching approach.

While a multisensory teaching approach can be beneficial for learners of all ages, it is not the most important principle to integrate into teaching sessions with older adults. While sensory impairments may become more common with age, not all older adults experience significant sensory deficits. Additionally, older adults can benefit from various teaching strategies tailored to their individual needs and preferences. While multisensory approaches can enhance engagement and comprehension, the emphasis should be on adapting teaching strategies to accommodate age-related changes in cognitive function and learning preferences. Therefore, while beneficial, this principle may not be the most critical for the nurse to prioritize in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A 78-year-old client's stomach pH is increased.

An increased stomach pH could indicate a disruption in gastric acidity levels, which may be associated with various gastrointestinal conditions or medications. While it could be a normal variation in some cases, especially considering age-related changes, an increased stomach pH might also suggest underlying issues such as hypochlorhydria or certain medications' effects. Further investigation may be warranted to determine the cause and potential implications of this finding, especially if it's persistent or associated with symptoms.

B. A 71-year-old client's echocardiogram reveals slight left ventricular hypertrophy.

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common finding, particularly in older adults with hypertension or other cardiovascular risk factors. While slight LVH might not always be clinically significant, it could indicate underlying cardiac abnormalities or increased cardiovascular risk. However, it's important to note that echocardiographic findings need to be interpreted in conjunction with the patient's clinical history and other cardiac assessments to determine the significance of the finding and the need for further investigation.

C. A 78-year-old client has recently developed urinary incontinence.

Urinary incontinence is a common problem in older adults and can have various causes, including urinary tract infections, neurological disorders, medication side effects, or pelvic floor dysfunction. While it is important to assess and address urinary incontinence, particularly considering its impact on quality of life, it may not always warrant immediate further investigation unless it's associated with other concerning symptoms or complications that require assessment or treatment.

D. An 81-year-old client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is decreased.

A decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is indicative of impaired kidney function and may suggest underlying kidney disease or other systemic conditions affecting renal function. This finding warrants further investigation to determine the cause and severity of kidney dysfunction, assess for associated complications, and guide appropriate management. Further evaluation may include additional renal function tests, imaging studies, or referral to a nephrologist for specialized care.

A. compensation for slowed response to changes in balance B. use of an assistive device C. use of paths with support devices in case of imbalance D. coordination of walking activities when family is present

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Compensation for slowed response to changes in balance:

This option refers to techniques or strategies that individuals can use to compensate for changes in balance, such as adopting a wider base of support, taking smaller steps, or using handrails for support. While compensation strategies can be helpful in managing balance issues, they may not be sufficient to prevent falls, especially in individuals at increased risk due to factors like wearing an orthotic boot.

B. Use of an assistive device:

This option involves the use of devices such as canes, walkers, or crutches to provide additional support and stability during ambulation. When someone is at an increased risk for falls, especially after being prescribed an orthotic boot, using an assistive device can significantly reduce the risk of falls by providing extra support and helping to maintain balance. Teaching the client about the proper use of an assistive device is an essential aspect of fall prevention education.

C. Use of paths with support devices in case of imbalance:

This option suggests using paths or routes that have support devices, such as handrails or grab bars, available in case the individual experiences imbalance while walking. While having support devices along walking paths can be helpful, it may not always be feasible or practical. Additionally, relying solely on external support devices may not address the underlying issues contributing to the risk of falls, such as impaired balance or mobility.

D. Coordination of walking activities when family is present:

This option involves coordinating walking activities with the presence of family members. While having family members present during walking activities can provide emotional support and assistance if needed, it may not directly address the client's risk of falls or provide strategies for fall prevention. While family support is valuable, it should complement other fall prevention measures rather than serve as the primary strategy for managing fall risk.

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A nurse is teaching a 90-year-old client about a new medication regimen. Which principle would be most important for the nurse to integrate into the teaching session?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care to several clients. The nurse reviews each client's diagnostic and assessment findings. Which result would warrant the nurse to investigate further?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A gerontological nurse is teaching a client about safe ambulation because the client is at an increased risk for falls after being prescribed an orthotic boot. Which will the nurse teach the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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