A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Jaundice

Vision changes

Hearing loss

Orange-colored urine

Numbness in the hands or feet.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

Jaundice, vision changes and numbness in the hands or feet are possible adverse effects of the drugs used to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should instruct the client to report these signs or symptoms as they may indicate liver damage, optic neuritis or peripheral neuropathy respectively.

Choice C is wrong because hearing loss is not a common side effect of these drugs. Hearing loss may be caused by other drugs such as aminoglycosides.

Choice D is wrong because orange-colored urine is a harmless side effect of rifampin and does not need to be reported.

The nurse should inform the client about this expected change and reassure them that it is not harmful.

The normal ranges for liver function tests are:

• AST: 10-40 U/L

• ALT: 7-56 U/L

• ALP: 45-115 U/L

• Bilirubin: 0.1-1.2 mg/dL

The normal range for visual acuity is 20/20.

The normal range for sensation is intact and symmetrical in all extremities.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Ceftriaxone belongs to the third-generation of cephalosporins.Third-generation cephalosporins have greater activity than the second-generation cephalosporins against certain gram-negative bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.They are also more resistant to beta-lactamases, enzymes that can inactivate some cephalosporins.

Choice A is wrong because first-generation cephalosporins have less activity against gram-negative bacteria and are more susceptible to beta-lactamases.

Choice B is wrong because second-generation cephalosporins have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae than third-generation cephalosporins, and are also less resistant to beta-lactamases.

Choice D is wrong because fourth-generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, including some that are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, but they are not more effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

A. Take the drug on an empty stomach. B. Avoid dairy products while taking this drug. C. Use sunscreen or avoid exposure to sunlight. D. Drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug. E. Report any vaginal itching or discharge.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse should include these instructions in the teaching because:

• Tetracycline should be taken on an empty stomach to avoid interference with absorption.

• Dairy products should be avoided while taking this drug because they contain calcium, which can form insoluble complexes with tetracycline and reduce its effectiveness.

• Sunscreen or sun avoidance should be used while taking this drug because it can cause photosensitivity, which increases the risk of sunburn and skin damage.

• Plenty of fluids should be drunk while taking this drug because it can cause nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.

Choice E is wrong because vaginal itching or discharge is not a common side effect of tetracycline.It may indicate a superinfection, which is a secondary infection caused by the disruption of normal flora by antibiotics.

This should be reported to the health care provider as soon as possible.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a client who has pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The nurse should recognize that ceftriaxone belongs to which generation of cephalosporins?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed tetracycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, for acne vulgaris. Which of these instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Which statement is true regarding antimicrobial stewardship?

The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

Which antibiotics are classified as concentration-dependent antimicrobials?

A patient has been prescribed azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, for a respiratory infection. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which of the following signs or symptoms of a potential adverse effect?

A nurse is preparing to administer ivermectin to a client who has onchocerciasis (river blindness). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in this client?

A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving gentamicin IV for treatment of endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria. Which laboratory value should be monitored closely during gentamicin therapy?

A nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect of penicillin therapy?

A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)