A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Jaundice

Vision changes

Hearing loss

Orange-colored urine

Numbness in the hands or feet.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

Jaundice, vision changes and numbness in the hands or feet are possible adverse effects of the drugs used to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should instruct the client to report these signs or symptoms as they may indicate liver damage, optic neuritis or peripheral neuropathy respectively.

Choice C is wrong because hearing loss is not a common side effect of these drugs. Hearing loss may be caused by other drugs such as aminoglycosides.

Choice D is wrong because orange-colored urine is a harmless side effect of rifampin and does not need to be reported.

The nurse should inform the client about this expected change and reassure them that it is not harmful.

The normal ranges for liver function tests are:

• AST: 10-40 U/L

• ALT: 7-56 U/L

• ALP: 45-115 U/L

• Bilirubin: 0.1-1.2 mg/dL

The normal range for visual acuity is 20/20.

The normal range for sensation is intact and symmetrical in all extremities.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can cause ototoxicity, which is damage to the inner ear due to exposure to certain drugs.Ototoxicity can manifest as tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vertigo (dizziness), and hearing loss.Vancomycin ototoxicity is usually related to high serum levels of the drug and is more likely to occur in patients with renal impairment.Vancomycin can also potentiate the ototoxicity of other drugs, such as aminoglycosides.

Choice A is wrong because tinnitus is a possible manifestation of ototoxicity.

Choice B is wrong because vertigo is a possible manifestation of ototoxicity.

Choice C is wrong because hearing loss is a possible manifestation of ototoxicity.

A. Antibiotic guidelines in critical care reduce the hospital length of stay. B. Inappropriate antibiotic use leads to the emergence of resistance. C. Antibiotic dosing has little effect on antimicrobial resistance. D. An antibiotic stewardship programme leads to an increase in antimicrobial resistance.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Inappropriate antibiotic use leads to the emergence of resistance.This is a well-established fact that is supported by the CDC and other organizations.Resistance can occur when antibiotics are used unnecessarily, excessively, or incorrectly, and can lead to infections that are harder to treat and more costly.

Choice A is wrong because antibiotic guidelines in critical care do not necessarily reduce the hospital length of stay.Although some studies have suggested that adherence to pneumonia guidelines may improve outcomes in severe pneumonia, other studies have found no significant effect of antibiotic stewardship on hospital length of stay or mortality in critically ill patients.

Therefore, this statement is not universally true.

Choice C is wrong because antibiotic dosing has a significant effect on antimicrobial resistance.Optimal dosing of antibiotics can help eradicate infections, prevent relapse, and minimize the selection of resistant bacteria.Conversely, suboptimal dosing can lead to treatment failure, prolonged infection, and increased resistance.

Therefore, antibiotic dosing should be carefully adjusted according to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug and the patient.

Choice D is wrong because an antibiotic stewardship programme leads to a decrease in antimicrobial resistance, not an increase.An antibiotic stewardship programme is a coordinated effort to improve and measure the appropriate use of antibiotics by promoting the selection of the optimal drug regimen, dose, duration, and route of administration.Such programmes have been shown to reduce antibiotic consumption, resistance rates, adverse events, and costs in various settings.

Therefore, this statement is false.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe infection and is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of ototoxicity?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which statement is true regarding antimicrobial stewardship?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to a client who has pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The nurse should recognize that ceftriaxone belongs to which generation of cephalosporins?

The nurse identifies which host factor as the most important when choosing an antimicrobial drug?

A nurse is preparing to administer ivermectin to a client who has onchocerciasis (river blindness). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in this client?

A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has trichomoniasis and is prescribed tinidazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client?

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, for a severe infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effects of this drug? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed tetracycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, for acne vulgaris. Which of these instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following antiviral medications prevents viral fusion with host cell membrane?

A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)