A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis about the prescribed drug regimen, which includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
The nurse should instruct the client to report which signs or symptoms as possible adverse effects of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)
Jaundice
Vision changes
Hearing loss
Orange-colored urine
Numbness in the hands or feet.
Correct Answer : A,B,E
Jaundice, vision changes and numbness in the hands or feet are possible adverse effects of the drugs used to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should instruct the client to report these signs or symptoms as they may indicate liver damage, optic neuritis or peripheral neuropathy respectively.
Choice C is wrong because hearing loss is not a common side effect of these drugs. Hearing loss may be caused by other drugs such as aminoglycosides.
Choice D is wrong because orange-colored urine is a harmless side effect of rifampin and does not need to be reported.
The nurse should inform the client about this expected change and reassure them that it is not harmful.
The normal ranges for liver function tests are:
• AST: 10-40 U/L
• ALT: 7-56 U/L
• ALP: 45-115 U/L
• Bilirubin: 0.1-1.2 mg/dL
The normal range for visual acuity is 20/20.
The normal range for sensation is intact and symmetrical in all extremities.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
These are signs ofototoxicity, a potentially serious adverse reaction to vancomycin (Vancocin) and other aminoglycosides.Ototoxicity can damage the inner ear and cause permanent hearing loss or balance problems.
Choice A is wrong because redness and itching at the infusion site are not specific to vancomycin (Vancocin) and could indicate a local irritation or an allergic reaction to any drug.
Choice B is wrong because flushing, rash, and pruritus on the face and upper torso are symptoms ofred man syndrome, a common but not serious side effect of vancomycin (Vancocin) that occurs due to rapid infusion and histamine release.Red man syndrome can be prevented by infusing the drug over at least 1 hour.
Choice C is wrong because nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps are not specific to vancomycin (Vancocin) and could be caused by many factors, such as infection, food poisoning, or other drugs.
Normal ranges for vancomycin (Vancocin) trough levels are 10 to 20 mcg/mL for most infections and 15 to 20 mcg/mL for serious infections such as osteomyelitis, endocarditis, or meningitis.Levels above 20 mcg/mL increase the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Therefore, the nurse should monitor the patient’s trough levels regularly and report any abnormal findings to the prescriber.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A is wrong because azithromycin (Zithromax) should be takenwith foodto prevent stomach upset.
Choice B is correct because azithromycin can causeliver damageand the client should report any signs ofjaundiceordark urineas they may indicate liver problems.
Choice C is correct because azithromycin can interact withgrapefruit juiceand increase the risk ofside effectssuch as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and QT interval prolongation.
Choice D is correct because the client shouldcomplete the full course of therapyas prescribed to prevent bacterial resistance and recurrence of infection.
Choice E is wrong because azithromycin should be stored in arefrigeratorand discarded after 10 days if it is in a liquid form.
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