A patient diagnosed with macular degeneration asks the nurse to explain his condition. Which statement by the nurse best describes macular degeneration?

"The pressure in the anterior cavity of your eye became elevated, shifting the position of your lens.

"There's an irregular curvature of your cornea, causing your blurred vision'

The portion of your eye call the macula, which is responsible for the central vision, is damaged"

"Your lens became cloudy, causing blurred vision. This cloudiness will increase over time

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   This statement describes glaucoma, not macular degeneration. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss. It does not specifically pertain to damage of the macula or central vision.
B.   This statement refers to conditions like astigmatism, where the cornea has an irregular shape, leading to blurred vision. It is not relevant to macular degeneration, which involves damage to the retina rather than the curvature of the cornea.
C.   This statement accurately describes macular degeneration. The macula is the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision, which is crucial for tasks like reading and recognizing faces. In macular degeneration, this area deteriorates, leading to loss of central vision.
D.   This statement describes cataracts, where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. Cataracts and macular degeneration are distinct conditions, with different causes and impacts on vision.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Older adults, particularly those with Type 2 diabetes, are at increased risk for HHS due to factors such as decreased renal function, polypharmacy, and potential for dehydration. This patient's age and diabetes type make them susceptible, but we need to compare them with other options.
B. COPD can lead to respiratory problems that may further complicate diabetes management. Additionally, older adults with chronic diseases often experience increased stress on their bodies, which can exacerbate hyperglycemia. The combination of age, diabetes, and a chronic respiratory condition increases the risk.
C. While individuals with Type 1 diabetes can experience HHS, it is less common compared to those with Type 2 diabetes. This is primarily because people with Type 1 diabetes are more prone to ketoacidosis rather than HHS, especially if they are managing their insulin properly. Therefore, this individual is at a lower risk for HHS.
D. This patient has Type 2 diabetes but lacks the additional risk factors (like older age or chronic illness) that would significantly elevate their risk for HHS compared to the other options. While they could develop HHS, they are not at the highest risk.

A. Inhaling airborne germs, such as after someone coughs. B. Eating meat that is undercooked C. Eating contaminated food D. Drinking from the cup of a person with the infection

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Mononucleosis, often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is not primarily spread through airborne droplets like some respiratory infections. While some respiratory secretions may be involved, it is not the main transmission route.
B. Mononucleosis is not transmitted through undercooked meat. This mode of transmission is more relevant for certain foodborne illnesses but not for viral infections like EBV.
C. Mononucleosis is not transmitted through contaminated food. This route is typical for various foodborne pathogens but does not apply to EBV.
D. Mononucleosis is often referred to as the "kissing disease" because it can be transmitted through saliva. Sharing drinks, utensils, or engaging in close personal contact with someone who has the infection can spread the virus.

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A patient diagnosed with macular degeneration asks the nurse to explain his condition. Which statement by the nurse best describes macular degeneration?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a 15-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with mononucleosis. The patient asks how the infection was obtained. Which information should the nurse include when responding to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse should implement which interventions for a child with type 1 diabetes who has a blood glucose level of 50 mg/dL? (Select All that Apply)

Which nursing intervention is most critical during the administration of acyclovir?

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A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the emergency department for DKA. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to note?

An 80-year-old client is diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following symptoms may appear first?

A patient is diagnosed with acute pharyngitis. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to see in this client?

A child with otitis media had a myringotomy with insertion of tubes. The nurse provides discharge instructions to the parents regarding the administration of antibiotics. Which statement indicates understanding of the instructions?

The nurse has administered an antacid and a proton pump inhibitor for GERD. Which data would indicate to the nurse that the medications are effective?