A patient diagnosed with macular degeneration asks the nurse to explain his condition. Which statement by the nurse best describes macular degeneration?
"The pressure in the anterior cavity of your eye became elevated, shifting the position of your lens.
"There's an irregular curvature of your cornea, causing your blurred vision'
The portion of your eye call the macula, which is responsible for the central vision, is damaged"
"Your lens became cloudy, causing blurred vision. This cloudiness will increase over time
The Correct Answer is C
A. This statement describes glaucoma, not macular degeneration. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss. It does not specifically pertain to damage of the macula or central vision.
B. This statement refers to conditions like astigmatism, where the cornea has an irregular shape, leading to blurred vision. It is not relevant to macular degeneration, which involves damage to the retina rather than the curvature of the cornea.
C. This statement accurately describes macular degeneration. The macula is the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision, which is crucial for tasks like reading and recognizing faces. In macular degeneration, this area deteriorates, leading to loss of central vision.
D. This statement describes cataracts, where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. Cataracts and macular degeneration are distinct conditions, with different causes and impacts on vision.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. DKA is characterized by the production of ketones, which can lead to a fruity or acetone-like odor on the breath. Additionally, the increased respiratory rate (Kussmaul breathing) occurs as the body attempts to compensate for metabolic acidosis by blowing off carbon dioxide.
B. While clients with diabetes may experience hunger, it is not a primary symptom of DKA. Hypotension (rather than hypertension) is more commonly observed due to dehydration and fluid loss associated with DKA.
C. Cold, clammy skin suggests the body is in a sympathetic state due to low blood sugar. While irritability can occur in various situations, it is not a hallmark sign of DKA.
D. Sweating and tremors are symptoms of low blood sugar levels and are not characteristic of DKA. In DKA, patients typically present with dry skin due to dehydration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While it may be important to inform the parents later, this is not the immediate priority. The first step should be to assess and manage the current situation before involving the parents.
B. This is a reasonable action to help soothe the itching and irritation caused by contact dermatitis. However, before applying compresses, it’s crucial to ensure that the area is clean and that there is no potential for worsening the condition.
C. This may be necessary if the reaction is severe or worsening, but in this case, the student is exhibiting signs consistent with contact dermatitis, which can often be managed effectively at school without immediate medical intervention.
D. Washing the affected area with soap and water helps remove any potential irritants or allergens that may be causing the dermatitis. This action can help prevent the condition from worsening and relieve some of the symptoms.
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