What are two examples of common major neurodegenerative disorders?
Choose 2 answers.
Cerebral Aneurysm
Diabetic retinopathy
Multiple sclerosis
Bell's Palsy
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Cerumen impaction
Correct Answer : C,E
A. Cerebral Aneurysm is not a neurodegenerative disorder; it is a localized dilation of a blood vessel in the brain that can lead to haemorrhage.
B. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes affecting the eyes, not a neurodegenerative disorder.
C. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major neurodegenerative disorder where the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibres, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body.
D. Bell's Palsy is a condition that causes sudden, temporary weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles, but it is not a neurodegenerative disorder.
E. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
F. Cerumen impaction is the build-up of earwax and is not related to neurodegenerative processes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
A. Celiac disease: This is an autoimmune disorder unrelated to peptic ulcer disease.
B. Penetration of the gastric wall: A severe complication of peptic ulcer disease is the penetration of the ulcer through the gastric or duodenal wall into adjacent organs, leading to further inflammation and damage.
C. Hepatorenal syndrome: This is a severe complication of liver disease, not peptic ulcer disease.
D. Persistent bleeding: Peptic ulcers can cause persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, which can lead to anemia or require emergency medical intervention.
E. Inflammatory bowel disease: This is a separate condition that includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
F. Iron overload: This condition is unrelated to peptic ulcer disease and more associated with genetic disorders like hemochromatosis.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. A polypeptide chain of the Hgb structure is deficient. Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in one of the polypeptide chains (alpha or beta) that make up hemoglobin (Hgb). This leads to abnormal hemoglobin formation and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
B. A thrombus forms at an area of inflammation. Thrombus formation is related to blood clotting disorders or vascular injury, not to the pathophysiology of thalassemia.
C. Hgb synthesis is reduced. In thalassemia, the synthesis of hemoglobin is reduced due to the defective production of one of its chains, leading to anemia and other complications.
D. A region of arterial wall bulges: This describes an aneurysm, which is unrelated to thalassemia.
E. A high shearing force acts on arterial walls: This is associated with conditions like hypertension or atherosclerosis, not thalassemia.
F. Ventricular contractile function decreases: This is related to heart failure or cardiomyopathy and is not a feature of thalassemia.
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