A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which considerations are important to ensure safe and effective oxygen administration for this patient?
(Select All that Apply.)

Increase oxygen flow rate if the patient appears anxious.

Administer high-flow oxygen to quickly relieve hypoxemia.

Monitor the patient's respiratory rate and effort frequently.

Adjust oxygen flow rate to maintain a saturation level of 88-92%.

Use a non-rebreather mask to maximize oxygen delivery.

Encourage the patient to take deep breaths frequently.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A.   Increasing the oxygen flow rate due to anxiety can worsen carbon dioxide retention, which is dangerous in COPD patients.
B.   High-flow oxygen is typically not recommended for COPD patients because it can suppress respiratory drive.
C.   Monitoring the respiratory rate and effort is crucial to ensure the patient is not retaining carbon dioxide or experiencing further respiratory distress.
D.   Adjusting the oxygen flow rate to maintain a saturation level of 88-92% is recommended for COPD patients to prevent hypercapnia.
E.   A non-rebreather mask is generally not used for COPD patients, as it can deliver too much oxygen, leading to carbon dioxide retention.
F.   Encouraging deep breathing can help, but it is more important to focus on maintaining the proper oxygen saturation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering feeding solution directly from the refrigerator can cause discomfort to the patient and increase the risk of gastric upset.
B. Flushing the tube with cold water is not appropriate, as it may irritate the stomach and cause discomfort.
C. Positioning the patient supine at 30 degrees is unsafe, as it increases the risk of aspiration. The patient should be at a higher angle, typically 30-45 degrees.
D. Verifying the pH of gastric aspirate is crucial to ensure the feeding tube is in the correct position and to prevent aspiration of feeding material into the lungs.

A. Almond milk B. Low-fat milk C. Whole milk D. Soy milk

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Almond milk can be a good source of calcium, but it is often lower in calcium compared to dairy products unless fortified.
B. Low-fat milk is an excellent source of calcium and is also easy for most people to digest.
C. Whole milk contains calcium, but it is higher in fat, which is not ideal for individuals at risk for osteoporosis.
D. Soy milk can be a good source of calcium if fortified, but it does not always contain as much calcium as low-fat milk.

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A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which considerations are important to ensure safe and effective oxygen administration for this patient?
(Select All that Apply.)