According to Esther Thelen, motor behaviors are assembled for perceiving and acting. Her theory is called
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A"}
A. dynamic systems: Esther Thelen proposed a dynamic systems view of motor development, emphasizing how motor behaviors emerge from the interaction of multiple subsystems (body, brain, environment).
B. perceptual systems: Perceptual systems refers to sensory-processing frameworks; it’s not the name of Thelen’s motor development theory.
C. bio-psycho-motor: “Bio-psycho-motor” is not a recognized label for Thelen’s theory; it mixes domains but isn’t the established term.
D. bio-behavioral: Bio-behavioral could describe interactions of biology and behavior broadly, but it’s not the specific theory Thelen formulated (dynamic systems).
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Motor skills are initially influenced by biology but become increasingly dependent on environmental factors: While biology and environment both matter, this statement is overly linear and doesn’t capture the moment-to-moment, multi-factor interaction emphasized by dynamic systems theory.
B. Infants take bits and pieces of data from sensations and build representations of the world in their minds: This describes constructivist/cognitive processes (Piagetian), focusing on internal mental representations rather than dynamic, embodied action.
C. Motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan, or maturation: This is the maturational (nativist) view, which sees motor milestones as preprogrammed rather than emergent from multiple interacting factors.
D. Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use their perceptions to fine-tune their movements: Dynamic systems theory emphasizes that motor skills emerge from interactions among perception, action, the body, and environment; infants use perception to continuously adjust movements.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. egocentrism: Egocentrism is the child’s difficulty seeing others’ viewpoints; covering toys because they might be cold reflects attributing internal states to objects, not perspective-taking failure.
B. operations: Operations are internalized, reversible mental actions (Piaget); this behavior is not demonstrating logical operations.
C. animism: Animism is attributing lifelike qualities or feelings to inanimate objects (e.g., thinking a toy can feel cold), which fits this example.
D. conservation: Conservation is understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance; it’s unrelated to attributing feelings to toys.
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