According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. Which statement is most characteristic of a preschooler's stage of moral development?
Actions are determined as good or bad in terms of their consequences
Obeying the rules of correct behavior is important
Behavior that pleases other children is considered important
showing respect for authority is important behavior.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Preschoolers are in Kohlberg's preconventional stage, where their understanding of morality is based on the consequences of their actions—whether they are punished or rewarded.
B. Understanding and obeying rules is more characteristic of older children in the conventional stage of moral development.
C. Preschoolers are primarily motivated by personal consequences rather than pleasing peers.
D. Respect for authority becomes more developed in the conventional stage, which occurs in later childhood.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A vocabulary of 1,500 words is more characteristic of a 5-year-old; by age 3, a child usually has a vocabulary of about 200 to 1,000 words.
B. Skipping and hopping on one foot typically develops around ages 4 to 5, so it would not be expected of a 3-year-old.
C. Walking backwards heel to toe is a skill that develops later, generally around age 4 or 5, rather than being typical at age 3.
D. A 3-year-old typically can stand on one foot for a few seconds, demonstrating developing balance and coordination skills that are characteristic of this age group.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Finger paints are appropriate for a three-year-old as they allow for creative expression and are suitable for independent play without the risk of choking or small parts.
B. Building blocks are also appropriate but may not provide the same sensory and creative engagement as finger paints.
C. Books with paper pages could be suitable, but the child may need supervision to prevent tearing pages.
D. Small colored beads pose a choking hazard and are not suitable for this age group.
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