ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?

Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys.

Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys.

High plasma osmolarity sensed by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus.

High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the carotid body.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale: Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys would stimulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which regulates blood pressure and sodium balance.

Choice B rationale: Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys would

indicate that the body has excess water and needs to excrete it, which would inhibit ADH release.

Choice C rationale: ADH, or antidiuretic hormone, is a peptide hormone that regulates the water balance in the body. It is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus. When the plasma osmolarity, or the concentration of solutes in the blood, is high, it means that the body is dehydrated and needs to conserve water. The osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect this change and stimulate the release of ADH, which acts on the kidneys to increase water

reabsorption and decrease urine output. This helps to lower the plasma osmolarity and restore the water balance.

Choice D rationale: High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the carotid body would affect the acid-base balance and respiratory rate, but not ADH

release.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Phenelzine is an antidepressant that typically does not affect blood glucose levels significantly.

Choice B rationale: Allopurinol, used for gout, is not known to significantly impact blood glucose levels.

Choice C rationale: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, might mask some symptoms of hypoglycemia but is not typically associated with causing hyperglycemia.

Choice D rationale: Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid, can elevate blood glucose levels and might contribute to hyperglycemia in a person with diabetes mellitus.

A. a Gloves should be worn during direct contact with the client's skin. B. No precautions in addition to standard precautions are necessary. C. Handwashing is required before and after contact with the client. D. A mask should be worn by anyone entering the client's room.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Gloves should be worn during direct contact with the client's skin. This is a standard precaution that applies to all clients, but especially to those with infectious diseases that can be transmitted through contact. Secondary syphilis is highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with the skin lesions or mucous

membranes of an infected person.

Choice B rationale: This is incorrect because secondary syphilis requires more than standard precautions to prevent transmission.

Choice C rationale: This is incorrect because handwashing is a basic component of standard precautions and is not sufficient to prevent the spread of syphilis.

Choice D rationale: This is incorrect because a mask is not necessary for contact precautions, unless the client has respiratory symptoms or is undergoing aerosol- generating procedures.

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ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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