SCIDs (Severe Combined Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is most like which other disease?
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
DiGeorge Syndrome
AIDS
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease causing tissue damage via autoantibodies, not a primary immunodeficiency. SCIDs involves defective T- and B-cell function, unlike lupus’s immune hyperactivity, making this an incorrect comparison to SCIDs.
Choice B reason: DiGeorge Syndrome involves T-cell deficiency due to thymic hypoplasia but typically spares B-cell function. SCIDs affects both T- and B-cells, leading to broader immune failure, making it less similar to DiGeorge’s partial defect.
Choice C reason: SCIDs, like AIDS, causes profound immunodeficiency, impairing T- and B-cell function, leading to severe infections and opportunistic pathogens. Both result in similar immune vulnerability, though SCIDs is genetic and AIDS is acquired, making this the correct comparison.
Choice D reason: Chronic Granulomatous Disease impairs phagocyte function, causing recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, but spares lymphocyte function. SCIDs primarily affects T- and B-cells, leading to broader immune defects, making this less similar to SCIDs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: DiGeorge disease involves thymic hypoplasia or aplasia, impairing T-cell development. This is a primary cause, leading to immune deficiency, making it a correct choice for the condition’s etiology.
Choice B reason: B-cell maturation is generally preserved in DiGeorge disease, as it primarily affects T-cells due to thymic defects. T-cell issues are central, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Choice C reason: T cells cannot mature in DiGeorge disease due to thymic underdevelopment, causing severe immunodeficiency. This is a core feature of the syndrome, making it a correct choice for the cause.
Choice D reason: Humans lack a bursa; B-cell maturation occurs in bone marrow. DiGeorge affects the thymus and T-cells, not a nonexistent bursa, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dawn phenomenon involves morning hyperglycemia, not hunger, tachycardia, or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise causes these acute symptoms, so this is incorrect for the described episode in Type 1 diabetes.
Choice B reason: Hypoglycemia, often triggered by increased exercise, causes hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion due to low blood sugar. This matches the symptoms, making it the correct cause for the patient’s episode.
Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia causes thirst, urination, and fatigue, not tachycardia or confusion. Hypoglycemia from exercise aligns with the acute, neuroglycopenic symptoms described, so this is incorrect for the cause.
Choice D reason: Somogyi effect involves rebound hyperglycemia after nocturnal hypoglycemia, not acute symptoms like hunger and confusion. Exercise-induced hypoglycemia fits the immediate presentation, so this is incorrect for the cause.
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