When the color of the sclera is yellow due to bilirubin that infiltrates all tissues of the body it is called:

A. Tachycardia. – Tachycardia refers to a heart rate above 100 beats per minute, not a slow heart rate.

B. Tachypnea. – Tachypnea describes rapid breathing, not a slow heart rate.

C. Bradycardia. – Bradycardia is a heart rate below 60 beats per minute. It may be normal in athletes but can indicate conduction abnormalities or medication effects in other individuals.

D. Apnea. – Apnea is the absence of breathing, not a slow heart rate.

A. Dizziness, especially when rising from a sitting position – Dizziness is a subjective symptom reported by the patient rather than an objectively observed sign.

B. Blood pressure 145/84 – Blood pressure is an objective measurement and is considered a sign because it can be directly observed and recorded.

C. Unexplained weight gain since his last clinic visit 1 month ago – Weight gain is a measurable and observable change, making it a sign, especially in conditions like heart failure.

D. Exertional dyspnea – Exertional dyspnea (shortness of breath with activity) is a subjective experience reported by the patient, making it a symptom rather than a sign.

E. Has been sleeping on 2 pillows for the past 2 weeks – The need for multiple pillows to relieve breathing difficulty (orthopnea) is a subjective symptom, not an observable sign.

F. 2+ edema in J.M.'s legs – Edema (swelling) is an observable physical finding, making it a sign. It is commonly associated with heart failure and fluid retention.