An adult in the emergency department states, "Everything I see appears to be waving. I am outside my body looking at myself. I think I'm losing my mind." Vital signs are slightly elevated. What does the nurse suspect?
A schizophrenic episode
Hallucinogen ingestion
Opium intoxication
Cocaine overdose
The Correct Answer is B
A. A schizophrenic episode Schizophrenic episodes are characterized by a complex interplay of symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and altered perceptions. While the client is experiencing altered perceptions, the sudden onset and specific description are more indicative of hallucinogen ingestion.
B. Hallucinogen ingestion The client's description of altered perception, feeling outside of their own body, and visual distortions are indicative of hallucinogen ingestion. This class of substances can cause profound alterations in perception, leading to hallucinations and distorted sensory experiences. The slightly elevated vital signs may be a physiological response to the effects of the hallucinogen.
C. Opium intoxication Opium is an opioid and its effects are characterized by sedation, respiratory depression, and miosis (pupil constriction). The client's description of altered perception and feeling outside of their body are not typical of opium intoxication.
D. Cocaine overdose Cocaine is a stimulant and its effects are characterized by increased heart rate, blood pressure, and hyperarousal. The client's description of altered perception and feeling outside of their body are not typical of cocaine overdose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.
B) Incorrect. Erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.
C) Correct. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, has been implicated in the development of schizophrenia. Abnormalities in glutamate signaling have been identified in individuals with schizophrenia.
D) Incorrect. While serotonin abnormalities have been associated with mood disorders such as depression, they are not considered a primary factor in the etiology of schizophrenia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 24 hours is a long time for alcohol withdrawal symptoms to occur.
B. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms typically begin within 6 to 8 hours after the last drink for
individuals with a history of heavy alcohol use. These symptoms can range from mild anxiety and tremors to more severe symptoms like seizures and delirium tremens. It's crucial for
healthcare providers to monitor and manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, as they can be life- threatening in severe cases.
C. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms occur within 6 to 8 hours, not 18 hours.
D. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms occur within 6 to 8 hours, not 72 hours.
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