An elderly woman has cancer and is given the option of receiving an experimental drug to treat the cancer or receiving pain medication to control excessive pain. The cancer treatment might extend her life for six months. However, the woman chooses to use the pain medication as needed. All of the following statements support the woman's choice except:

A. Conduct a survey of those who drink orange juice to prevent a cold: While a survey might provide some data on people's behaviors, it wouldn't establish a cause-and-effect relationship between drinking orange juice and preventing the common cold. Surveys can show trends, but they can't confirm scientific conclusions without controlled experimental data.

B. Review the chemical composition of orange juice: Understanding the composition of orange juice (such as its vitamin C content) is important, but it doesn't directly address whether it prevents colds. The researcher needs to look at studies that investigate the outcome of drinking orange juice, not just its ingredients.

C. Drink orange juice when a cold is coming on: This is more of a personal action than a scientific approach. The researcher would need to gather evidence from controlled studies rather than relying on personal experience or anecdotal evidence.

D. Analyze the research data found in the scientific journals: This is the best method. Reviewing existing scientific studies allows the researcher to see what previous research has found about the relationship between orange juice and cold prevention. Published studies typically include controlled experiments, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that provide reliable evidence and conclusions.

A. obviously has very weak beliefs: This option doesn’t make sense. The fact that the clerk lies in one particular instance doesn’t necessarily mean that he has weak beliefs. His strong belief in telling the truth could still be genuine, and the contradiction may simply be explained by the extreme situation.

B. was afraid of the intruders and feared for his life: This is the most reasonable explanation. In a threatening situation, the clerk might have decided that telling a lie was the best way to protect himself or the store, even though he values honesty in general.

C. wanted the intruders to leave quickly: While it’s possible that the clerk might have wanted to get rid of the intruders, this doesn’t fully explain why he would lie about the safe’s location. Fear of harm seems like a more compelling explanation than simply wanting them to leave quickly.

D. believed strongly in his work responsibilities: While this could be an explanation for his behavior in some contexts, it doesn’t directly address the contradiction. His responsibility to protect the store and himself could override his personal belief in honesty, but fear is a more likely motivator in this situation.