An older adult client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital due to dehydration. The client is 20 lb (9.1 kg) under ideal weight and assessment findings include nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors. The nurse knows that these symptoms were most likely caused by which nutritional deficiency?

Vitamin B12.

Lack of dietary vitamin A.

Protein starvation.

Iron deficiency anemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Vitamin B12. Nystagmus, ataxia (loss of control of bodily movements), and tremors are neurological symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, particularly in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse who may have impaired absorption of nutrients due to gastrointestinal
issues.

B.   Lack of dietary vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
C.   Protein starvation. Protein deficiency can cause various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
D.   Iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and pale skin, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Provide assistance in planning high protein, low carbohydrate meals. While dietary changes may be helpful for weight loss, focusing solely on macronutrient ratios like high protein and low carbohydrate may not be the most effective approach. Moreover, without addressing physical activity, the client may not achieve their weight loss goals.
B. Discuss ideas in developing an exercise schedule. Exercise is a crucial component of weight loss and weight management. By discussing and developing an exercise schedule tailored to the client's preferences and abilities, the nurse can help the client achieve their weight loss goals.
C. Review the client's dietary intake for the past week. Reviewing dietary intake can provide valuable information about the client's current eating habits and areas for improvement. However, without addressing physical activity, it may not be sufficient to help the client achieve weight loss.
D. Instruct the client to eat 3 well-balanced meals daily. While eating balanced meals is

important for overall health, simply instructing the client to eat three meals daily may not be sufficient for weight loss, especially if the meals are not portion-controlled or if the client's caloric intake exceeds their energy expenditure.

A. Potatoes. B. Pretzels. C. Grapes. D. Avocado.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Potatoes. Potatoes are high in carbohydrates and can raise blood sugar levels quickly, so they should be eaten in moderation or avoided in a diet aimed at controlling blood sugar.
B. Pretzels. Pretzels are made from refined flour and are high in carbohydrates, making them unsuitable for someone who needs to avoid refined sugars and carbs.
C. Grapes. Grapes, although a natural source of sugar, are high in simple sugars and can impact blood sugar levels significantly.
D. Avocado. Avocado is low in carbohydrates and high in healthy fats and fiber, making it a suitable choice for someone managing their blood sugar levels by avoiding refined sugars and carbohydrates.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 29 kg/m2 expresses a desire to lose weight. Which action should the nurse implement? Reference Range: Body Mass Index (BMI) Overweight [25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2]

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse instructs a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) to avoid refined sugar and carbohydrates. Choosing which food indicates that the client understands the diet teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is helping develop a meal plan based on nutritional guidelines for an older adult client being discharged to home with the client's spouse. Which statement by the client and spouse best indicates an understanding of the nutritional guidelines when planning meals?

When conducting diet teaching for a client who was diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, which food(s) should the nurse encourage the client to eat? Select all that apply.

The charge nurse observes a practical nurse (PN) measuring the waist circumference of a client who has expressed a concern about health problems related to obesity. Which action should the nurse implement?

A client is discharged from the intensive care unit following a myocardial infarction, and the healthcare provider prescribes a low-sodium diet. Which lunch selection indicates to the nurse that this client understands the dietary restrictions?

A client is receiving a continuous gastric tube feeding at 80 mL/hour. The nurse records the client's gastric residual volume as 325 mL during each of two consecutive hourly measurements. Which assessment should the nurse complete before contacting the healthcare provider?

The parents of a child with prediabetes report to the nurse that the child wants to join a soccer team. Which information is best for the nurse to offer the parents?

The nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia as the result of a stroke. Which breakfast should the nurse provide this client?

A client who has been NPO has a new prescription to progress the diet as tolerated. In which sequence should the nurse progress the client's diet? (Arrange from first action on top to last on the bottom.)