An older adult client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital due to dehydration. The client is 20 lb (9.1 kg) under ideal weight and assessment findings include nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors. The nurse knows that these symptoms were most likely caused by which nutritional deficiency?

Vitamin B12.

Lack of dietary vitamin A.

Protein starvation.

Iron deficiency anemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Vitamin B12. Nystagmus, ataxia (loss of control of bodily movements), and tremors are neurological symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, particularly in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse who may have impaired absorption of nutrients due to gastrointestinal
issues.

B.   Lack of dietary vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
C.   Protein starvation. Protein deficiency can cause various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
D.   Iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and pale skin, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "The bruises on my arms are all gone." This statement is more indicative of adequate Vitamin C intake, as Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and wound healing, which can affect bruising.
B. "My feet don't tingle like they used to." Tingling in the extremities is often associated with deficiencies in B vitamins, particularly B12, rather than Vitamin A.
C. "My tummy seems so much smaller now." This statement does not directly relate to Vitamin A status. It could refer to a variety of other health improvements or conditions.
D. "I can see at night when I wake up now." Night vision improvement is a classic sign of adequate Vitamin A intake, as Vitamin A is crucial for the maintenance of normal vision, particularly in low-light conditions.

A. The consumption of fruit and/or vegetables should total between 4 to 6 servings. B. The consumption of dairy-based products should be eliminated from the diet. C. The consumption of protein products should come from lean meats, nuts, and dried beans. D. The consumption of bread products should be gluten-free.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The consumption of fruit and/or vegetables should total between 4 to 6 servings. The DASH diet actually recommends 4 to 5 servings each of fruits and vegetables per day, not combined. This statement indicates an incomplete understanding.
B. The consumption of dairy-based products should be eliminated from the diet. The DASH diet does not eliminate dairy products; instead, it recommends 2 to 3 servings of low-fat or fat-free dairy products daily.
C. The consumption of protein products should come from lean meats, nuts, and dried beans.

This is correct. The DASH diet emphasizes lean protein sources such as poultry, fish, nuts, and legumes, and limits red meat.
D. The consumption of bread products should be gluten-free. The DASH diet does not

specifically recommend gluten-free products unless the individual has a gluten intolerance or celiac disease. The focus is on whole grains rather than gluten-free.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A malnourished child is receiving several nutritional supplements. Which statement by the child indicates that an adequate amount of Vitamin A is being provided?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing a nutrition plan with a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The parents of a child with prediabetes report to the nurse that the child wants to join a soccer team. Which information is best for the nurse to offer the parents?

A client with diabetes mellitus tells the nurse of using cranberry juice to help prevent urinary tract infections. Which instruction should the nurse provide?

A client with glomerulonephritis is preparing for discharge and asks the nurse which kind of diet to follow upon returning home. Which dietary teaching should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?

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The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for an adolescent whose body mass index (BMI) is 35. Which foods are best for the client to select for after school snacks?

In reviewing the dietary teaching for a young adult client with hyperthyroidism, the nurse learns that the client has increased the intake of protein and calories. Which action should the nurse take?