An older adult client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital due to dehydration. The client is 20 lb (9.1 kg) under ideal weight and assessment findings include nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors. The nurse knows that these symptoms were most likely caused by which nutritional deficiency?
Vitamin B12.
Lack of dietary vitamin A.
Protein starvation.
Iron deficiency anemia.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Vitamin B12. Nystagmus, ataxia (loss of control of bodily movements), and tremors are neurological symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, particularly in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse who may have impaired absorption of nutrients due to gastrointestinal
issues.
B. Lack of dietary vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
C. Protein starvation. Protein deficiency can cause various symptoms, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
D. Iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and pale skin, but it is not typically associated with nystagmus, ataxia, and tremors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Low residue diet. This diet is designed to reduce the amount of indigestible material in the digestive tract, which is helpful for certain gastrointestinal conditions but not specifically for managing weight loss and stomatitis in chemotherapy patients.
B. Mechanical soft diet. While this diet includes foods that are easier to chew, it might not provide the necessary high protein content needed for someone who is significantly underweight and has increased nutritional needs due to chemotherapy.
C. Pureed regular diet. This diet consists of pureed foods that are easy to swallow, which is beneficial for those with severe difficulty chewing or swallowing, but it might not provide enough variety or appeal to encourage adequate intake in someone with stomatitis.
D. High protein soft diet. This diet includes soft foods that are easy to chew and swallow, making it suitable for someone with stomatitis. Additionally, it focuses on high protein content, which is essential for tissue repair and maintaining muscle mass, especially important for a client who has lost a significant amount of weight due to chemotherapy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Urinary ketones are incorrect. Urinary ketones are more relevant in clients with diabetes or starvation states, but monitoring capillary glucose is more important in clients on TPN, as they may experience fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
B. Serum protein is incorrect. While serum protein is important for assessing nutritional status, capillary glucose is more critical for monitoring during TPN administration.
C. Serum osmolarity is incorrect. Serum osmolarity is important to assess fluid and electrolyte balance, but capillary glucose is more frequently monitored due to the risk of hyperglycemia in TPN patients.
D. Capillary glucose is correct. TPN contains high levels of glucose, and monitoring capillary glucose is critical to detect hyperglycemia and adjust the infusion rate or insulin therapy accordingly.
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