Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with which of the following organisms that can harm the intestinal mucosa?

Staphylococcus.

Salmonella.

Streptococcus.

Pseudomonas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Staphylococcus is not typically associated with causing diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Staphylococcus is more commonly linked to skin and soft tissue infections, as well as food poisoning.

Choice B rationale:

Salmonella is a bacterium that can harm the intestinal mucosa and is a common cause of foodborne illness. It can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting, which can be severe and potentially damage the intestinal lining.

Choice C rationale:

Streptococcus is not a common cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Streptococcus species are more often associated with respiratory and throat infections.

Choice D rationale:

Pseudomonas is not a typical cause of diarrhea or harm to the intestinal mucosa. Pseudomonas is known for its association with healthcare-associated infections and is more often linked to conditions like pneumonia and urinary tract infections.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Wear protective clothing and sunscreen when outside. Rationale: Sulfonamide antibiotics, a type of medication mentioned in the question, can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, leading to photosensitivity reactions. To reduce the effects of photosensitivity, the client should be instructed to wear protective clothing that covers the skin and to apply sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF) when going outdoors. This helps shield the skin from harmful UV rays, reducing the risk of sunburn and other adverse reactions.

Choice B rationale:

Increase fluid intake. Rationale: Increasing fluid intake is a general recommendation for clients taking sulfonamide antibiotics to minimize the risk of crystalluria, a side effect that can result from inadequate hydration. Crystalluria is the formation of crystals in the urine and can lead to kidney stones. While staying hydrated is essential, it is not specifically related to reducing photosensitivity, which is the focus of this question.

Choice C rationale:

Avoid lights while indoors. Rationale: Avoiding lights while indoors is not a standard precaution to reduce the effects of photosensitivity caused by sulfonamide antibiotics. Photosensitivity primarily refers to the skin's heightened sensitivity to sunlight. Being indoors under regular lighting conditions should not significantly impact photosensitivity. The key precautions are related to outdoor sun exposure.

Choice D rationale:

Wear protective footwear. Rationale: Wearing protective footwear is not a standard precaution to reduce photosensitivity effects caused by sulfonamide antibiotics. Photosensitivity primarily affects the skin, not the feet. While protective footwear may be recommended in specific situations, such as in a construction or industrial setting, it is not directly related to reducing the risk of photosensitivity reactions.

A. Tapeworm. B. Aspergillosis. C. Giardiasis. D. Cryptococcal meningitis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Tapeworm. Tapeworm infections are caused by parasites known as cestodes. Antiprotozoal drugs are primarily used to treat infections caused by protozoa, which are a different type of pathogen. Tapeworms are not protozoa; they are classified as helminths. Therefore, using antiprotozoal drugs for tapeworm infections is not indicated.

Choice B rationale:

Aspergillosis. Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by Aspergillus species. Antiprotozoal drugs are not effective against fungal infections. They are designed to target protozoa, which are a different group of microorganisms. Therefore, antiprotozoal drugs are not indicated for the treatment of aspergillosis.

Choice D rationale:

Cryptococcal meningitis. Cryptococcal meningitis is a fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. Like aspergillosis, it is caused by a fungus, not a protozoan parasite. Antiprotozoal drugs are not appropriate for the treatment of fungal infections. Therefore, the use of antiprotozoal drugs is not indicated for cryptosporidium meningitis.

Choice C rationale:

Giardiasis. Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia. Antiprotozoal drugs, such as metronidazole, are effective in treating giardiasis. These drugs target protozoa and disrupt their cellular functions, making them a suitable choice for the treatment of giardiasis.

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Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with which of the following organisms that can harm the intestinal mucosa?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who is on sulfonamide therapy is about to be discharged.Which of the following precautions should the nurse instruct the client to follow to reduce the effects of photosensitivity?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

After teaching a group of nursing students about antiprotozoal drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which of the following as an indication for use?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the signs and symptoms of a fungal superinfection with a client.The client demonstrates understanding of the information when he identifies which of the following as suggesting a fungal superinfection?

When teaching a client about antiviral therapy, the nurse would include information about the possibility of which adverse reactions?

After reviewing information about lincosamide therapy, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a contraindication?

A client receiving which of the following medications would the nurse identify as being at increased risk for candidal infections?

The parents of a child who is recovering from chickenpox tell the nurse that they gave the child aspirin for his fever.The nurse would be alert to the development of which of the following?

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is prescribed tetracycline. The nurse would be alert for an increased risk of toxicity if the client is taking which of the following?

A patient undergoing penicillin therapy shows improvement and states that he is feeling better.Which of the following interventions is the nurse most likely to perform in such a situation?

If the nurse has to clean up a spill of antineoplastic drug, which of the following personal protective equipment should be worn?