Complications of sustained hypertension include which of the following?

Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood or bloody secretions from the respiratory tract. It is a sign of a serious condition and should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider. In this case, the patient's cold and cough may have led to irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract, resulting in hemoptysis.

1. Hematemesis: This is the vomiting of blood from the upper gastrointestinal tract, which usually appears bright red or dark brown in color.
2. Cyanosis: This is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood.
3. Rhinitis: This is the inflammation of the nasal mucosa, often causing a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.

Dyspnea is a term used to describe difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. It is a subjective symptom and can be experienced differently by different people. Common signs and symptoms of dyspnea include feeling short of breath, chest tightness, rapid breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a feeling of suffocation. The work of breathing may be increased, and accessory muscles may be used to help with breathing. Exercise may worsen symptoms of dyspnea in some individuals, while in others, it may improve symptoms.