Cushing's syndrome is a result of hypersecretion of which of the following glands?
Adrenal
Pituitary
Parathyroid
Thymus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Cushing's syndrome is most commonly caused by the hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal glands. It can also result from excess production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland, but the primary issue is often adrenal hypersecretion.
B. While the pituitary gland can contribute to Cushing's syndrome by secreting too much ACTH (which stimulates the adrenal glands), it is the adrenal glands that primarily cause the symptoms of the condition.
C. The parathyroid glands are responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood, not for the production of cortisol.
D. The thymus plays a role in immune system development, but it is not involved in Cushing's syndrome.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids, but it is not responsible for ATP production.
B. Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris, but they do not play a role in ATP production.
C. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, where ATP is produced through cellular respiration. They convert nutrients into energy, making them the primary site for ATP production.
D. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not ATP production. They are found in the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Excessive aldosterone causes increased reabsorption of sodium and water, and the excretion of potassium. Therefore, excessive aldosterone would typically decrease plasma potassium levels, not increase them.
B. Aldosterone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium and excrete potassium, leading to increased plasma sodium levels. This is the correct effect of excessive aldosterone secretion.
C. Phosphorus levels are not directly affected by aldosterone; its primary role is in regulating sodium and potassium balance.
D. Aldosterone does not directly regulate calcium levels in the blood, so plasma calcium levels are not significantly affected by aldosterone secretion.
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