Which of the following cranial nerves is affected in an individual who is experiencing pain and tingling of the face?

A. The trochlear nerve (IV) controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye and is not responsible for sensation or pain in the face.

B. The trigeminal nerve (V) is responsible for sensation in the face, including pain, tingling, and touch. It also controls the muscles of mastication. A lesion or irritation of this nerve can lead to symptoms like pain and tingling in the face.

C. The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) primarily controls the sensation in the throat and the taste sensation on the back of the tongue. It is not responsible for facial pain or tingling.

D. The abducens nerve (VI) controls the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, responsible for eye movement, but does not contribute to facial sensation.

A. The atrioventricular (AV) valves separate the atria from the ventricles. The right AV valve is called the tricuspid valve, and the left AV valve is the mitral valve. These valves ensure that blood flows from the atria into the ventricles without flowing back. This is the correct answer.

B. The pulmonary valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It does not separate the atria and ventricles.

C. The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta and prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle after contraction. It does not separate the atrial and ventricular chambers.

D. The semilunar valves, which include the pulmonary and aortic valves, are located at the exit of the ventricles but do not separate the atria from the ventricles.