Which of the following components of a neuron is an insulative covering necessary for effective transmission of nerve impulses?
Myelin
Synapse
Axon
Dendrite
The Correct Answer is A
A. Myelin is a fatty substance that wraps around axons in many neurons. It acts as an insulative covering that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses by enabling the signal to jump between gaps in the myelin (called nodes of Ranvier). This is the correct answer.
B. The synapse is the junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted. It is not involved in the insulative covering of a neuron.
C. The axon is the long, slender part of a neuron that transmits electrical signals, but it requires myelin to efficiently conduct those signals.
D. Dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons. They do not have an insulative function.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle tissue, not smooth muscle. Cardiac muscle is specialized for rhythmic contractions to pump blood.
B. The rectus abdominis is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which is voluntary and allows for movement of the trunk.
C. The esophagus contains smooth muscle tissue in its walls, which is responsible for the involuntary contractions (peristalsis) that move food from the mouth to the stomach.
D. The pectoralis major is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, which allows for voluntary control of arm movements.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, surrounds the cell and encloses the cytoplasm. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
B. The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport, but it does not enclose the cytoplasm.
C. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids within the cell but does not enclose the cytoplasm.
D. The flagellum is a tail-like structure that helps some cells move but does not enclose the cytoplasm.
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