During an outbreak of measles, nurses are giving measles vaccinations to susceptible persons. Which of the following best describes the type of immunity that will follow the administration of these injections?
Herd immunity
Natural immunity
Acquired immunity
Active immunity
The Correct Answer is D
A. Herd immunity: Herd immunity occurs when a large portion of the population is immune, reducing the spread of disease. However, the individual receiving the vaccine develops active immunity, not herd immunity.
B. Natural immunity: Natural immunity occurs after infection and recovery, not from vaccination.
C. Acquired immunity: While acquired immunity includes both active (vaccination or infection) and passive (antibodies from mother or immunoglobulin) immunity, the most specific answer is active immunity.
D. Active immunity: Vaccines stimulate the immune system to develop long-term immunity by producing antibodies against the virus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Being bitten by an infected mosquito: A vector is an organism (e.g., a mosquito, tick, or flea) that transmits pathogens from one host to another. Mosquitoes transmit diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus.
B. A group of partygoers hugging and shaking hands: This describes direct contact transmission, not vector-borne transmission.
C. Disease spreading from infected mother to infant via the placenta: This describes vertical transmission (from mother to child during pregnancy), not vector-borne transmission.
D. Two persons, one of whom is infected, sharing a glass of soda: This describes indirect contact transmission through fomites (contaminated objects), not vector-borne transmission.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Toxicologist: Toxicologists specialize in studying the effects of chemicals on living organisms, including how chemicals interact with biological systems and potential toxic effects.
B. Chemist: A chemist studies the properties, composition, and reactions of substances but may not focus on physiological effects on the body.
C. Epidemiologist: An epidemiologist studies disease patterns in populations, including environmental exposures, but does not specialize in the physiological effects of chemicals.
D. Pharmacist: A pharmacist specializes in medications, including their mechanisms and interactions, but may not have in-depth knowledge of all chemical toxins.
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