A patient with hepatitis B asks the nurse about prevention strategies. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the nurse's teaching?
"I should get vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine to protect myself.”
"I can drink alcohol occasionally as long as I avoid hepatotoxic drugs.”
"I don't need to worry about sexual contact; I'm already cleared of infection.”
"Screening blood donors and recipients for HBV infection is not necessary.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Getting vaccinated with the hepatitis B vaccine is an effective prevention strategy for hepatitis
B. It helps protect the individual from acquiring the virus and developing the disease. Vaccination is crucial, especially for individuals at risk of exposure to the virus, such as healthcare workers, sexually active individuals, and household contacts of infected individuals.
Choice B rationale:
Drinking alcohol occasionally is not a safe practice for individuals with hepatitis
B. Alcohol can further damage the liver and worsen the condition. Avoiding alcohol entirely is essential to protect the liver and promote healing.
Choice C rationale:
Clearance of infection does not confer immunity to hepatitis
B. The patient should still take precautions to prevent potential reinfection through sexual contact or other means.
Choice D rationale:
Screening blood donors and recipients for HBV infection is necessary to prevent the transmission of the virus through blood transfusions. It is a crucial safety measure to ensure that blood and blood products are free from hepatitis B virus and other infectious agents.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Fulminant hepatitis is a severe and life-threatening complication of hepatitis E, particularly in pregnant women. It can lead to liver failure, and timely monitoring is crucial to detect any early signs of deterioration in the patient's condition. Pregnant women with hepatitis E require close observation and frequent assessment of liver function to ensure prompt intervention if needed.
Choice B rationale:
Administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to exposed contacts is not the priority in managing a patient with hepatitis
E. Hepatitis E is caused by a different virus (hepatitis E virus) and is not effectively prevented by hepatitis B immunoglobulin.
Choice C rationale:
Educating the patient about the benefits of hepatitis C vaccine is not relevant to the care of a patient with hepatitis
E. These are two different types of viral hepatitis, caused by distinct viruses (hepatitis C virus and hepatitis E virus), and each requires specific management.
Choice D rationale:
Advising the patient to avoid sexual contact until cleared of infection is important in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention for a patient with hepatitis
E. The primary concern in hepatitis E is monitoring for complications, especially in pregnant women, as discussed in choice A rationale.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Needle sharing is associated with the transmission of hepatitis C and HIV, but not hepatitis
A. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, usually by consuming food or water contaminated with the virus. Poor sanitation, inadequate hygiene, and consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish are common factors in the spread of hepatitis
A.
Choice B rationale:
Blood transfusion is not a mode of transmission for hepatitis
A. Hepatitis A is mainly transmitted through oral-fecal contact and does not involve the exchange of blood products.
Choice C rationale:
Ingestion of contaminated food or water is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis
A. The virus is excreted in the feces of infected individuals, and people can become infected by ingesting food or water that has been contaminated with the virus. Proper food handling, handwashing, and access to clean drinking water are essential in preventing the spread of hepatitis
A.
Choice D rationale:
Sexual contact is associated with the transmission of hepatitis B and other sexually transmitted infections, but it is not a significant mode of transmission for hepatitis
A. Hepatitis A is mainly spread through fecal-oral transmission and does not commonly involve sexual contact.
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