If blood pressure drops very low (MAP is below 80mmHg) renin enzyme will be secreted by granular cells. Which of the following is NOT likely to occur?
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease.
Net filtration pressure (NFP) will decrease.
Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase.
Kidney perfusion will increase.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease: Low MAP leads to reduced renal perfusion, and until compensatory mechanisms restore pressure, GFR will drop.
B. Net filtration pressure (NFP) will decrease: Low systemic pressure leads to low glomerular hydrostatic pressure, resulting in lower NFP.
C. Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase: The RAAS pathway, triggered by renin, leads to aldosterone and ADH release, promoting sodium and water retention, thereby increasing fluid volume.
D. Kidney perfusion will increase: Perfusion decreases when MAP is below 80 mmHg, and renin is released because of reduced perfusion, not increased.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and phosphorus: These are micronutrients (minerals).
B. Nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins: Nucleic acids are not dietary macronutrients.
C. Sodium, potassium, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins: Sodium and potassium are micronutrients.
D. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water: These are the true macronutrients, required in large amounts for energy and metabolic function.
E. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, but not water: Water is an essential macronutrient, even though it doesn’t provide calories.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. The gastrocolic reflex: Triggered by food entering the stomach, it stimulates mass movement in the colon.
B. The duodenocolic reflex: Triggered by chyme entering the duodenum, this reflex stimulates colon contractions.
C. Chyme filling the duodenum: This activates the duodenocolic reflex, promoting mass movement.
D. Chyme filling the stomach: This activates the gastrocolic reflex.
E. The colorectal reflex: This reflex is involved in the defecation process-it responds to rectal filling, not in initiating mass movement in the colon. It is not a trigger for mass movement.
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