If blood pressure drops very low (MAP is below 80mmHg) renin enzyme will be secreted by granular cells. Which of the following is NOT likely to occur?
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease.
Net filtration pressure (NFP) will decrease.
Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase.
Kidney perfusion will increase.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease: Low MAP leads to reduced renal perfusion, and until compensatory mechanisms restore pressure, GFR will drop.
B. Net filtration pressure (NFP) will decrease: Low systemic pressure leads to low glomerular hydrostatic pressure, resulting in lower NFP.
C. Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase: The RAAS pathway, triggered by renin, leads to aldosterone and ADH release, promoting sodium and water retention, thereby increasing fluid volume.
D. Kidney perfusion will increase: Perfusion decreases when MAP is below 80 mmHg, and renin is released because of reduced perfusion, not increased.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Lysozyme: Lysozyme is present in saliva and has antibacterial properties, breaking down bacterial cell walls.
B. Urea and uric acid: These waste products are found in saliva in small amounts.
C. Electrolytes: Saliva contains electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate.
D. Protease: Proteases (like pepsin or trypsin) are not present in saliva; they are found in the stomach and small intestine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Intrinsic factor: Intrinsic factor, secreted by parietal cells, is essential for vitamin B₁₂ absorption in the ileum. Vitamin B₁₂ is needed for RBC production and hemoglobin synthesis.
B. Gastric lipase: Gastric lipase breaks down lipids, not involved in hemoglobin production.
C. Pepsinogen: Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin, which digests proteins-not related to RBC or hemoglobin synthesis.
D. HCl: Hydrochloric acid helps activate enzymes and digest food, but does not directly influence hemoglobin production.
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