Linda, a 45-year-old patient, is admitted for pneumonia. She has a productive cough.Which respiratory defense mechanism is primarily responsible for removing the pathogenic microorganisms?

Filtration of air

Reflex bronchoconstriction

Alveolar macrophages

Cough reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   This mechanism helps to remove particles and microorganisms from the air before they enter the lungs but is not primarily responsible for removing pathogens already present in the lungs.

B.   Bronchoconstriction typically occurs in response to irritants or allergens and is not directly involved in removing pathogens.
C.   While alveolar macrophages play a role in immune defense within the lungs, they are not the primary mechanism for removing pathogens causing pneumonia.
D.   The cough reflex is the body's primary mechanism for expelling pathogens and debris from the respiratory tract, making it the most appropriate choice in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administering the flu vaccine immediately may not be safe due to Paul's recent immunoglobulin therapy and underlying health conditions.

B. While controlling diabetes is important for overall health, it may not directly impact the decision to postpone the flu vaccine.
C. Postponing the flu vaccine for another 2 weeks allows time for the effects of immunoglobulin therapy to diminish and reduces the risk of potential adverse interactions.
D. Consulting the physician for an alternative to flu vaccination may be necessary if Paul cannot receive the vaccine due to contraindications or allergies, but postponing is the initial appropriate action.

A. Flat with a small pillow under the head B. Head of the bed elevated 20 to 30 degrees C. Right lateral decubitus position D. Supine, with the head turned to the left.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This position can lead to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and is not recommended for patients with head injuries.
B. Elevating the head of the bed helps promote venous drainage from the brain, reducing intracranial pressure.
C. This position is not typically used for patients with head injuries, as it may not provide optimal cerebral perfusion.
D. This position can compromise venous drainage from the brain and is not recommended for patients with head injuries.

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Linda, a 45-year-old patient, is admitted for pneumonia. She has a productive cough.Which respiratory defense mechanism is primarily responsible for removing the pathogenic microorganisms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Marie, a 30-year-old nurse at a flu immunization clinic, encounters Paul, a 45-year-old patient with diabetes and hypertension, who also received immunoglobulin therapy two weeks prior. Which is the most appropriate action for Marie to take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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