Metabolic acidosis may be associated with:
Increased chloride levels
All of the above.
Increased metabolic acids.
Decreased bicarbonate
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increased chloride levels, also known as hyperchloremia, can occur in metabolic acidosis as part of the body's attempt to balance acid-base status.
B. All of the options listed contribute to metabolic acidosis. Increased metabolic acids, decreased bicarbonate, and increased chloride levels can all be present in metabolic acidosis, making this the correct answer.
C. Increased metabolic acids, such as lactic acid or ketoacids, are a key feature of metabolic acidosis.
D. In metabolic acidosis, bicarbonate levels decrease as the body compensates by buffering excess acid with available bicarbonate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obesity is a common symptom of Cushing syndrome but is not the primary diagnostic criterion. Other tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis.
B. A 24-hour urine collection for cortisol is one of the most common and reliable methods for diagnosing Cushing syndrome. Elevated cortisol levels in the urine are indicative of the syndrome.
C. Chronic renal failure is not related to the diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. While Cushing syndrome may affect renal function, it is not the primary diagnostic tool.
D. Alcoholism can cause symptoms similar to those of Cushing syndrome, but it is not used as a diagnostic criterion. The diagnosis of Cushing syndrome requires specific tests, such as urine cortisol measurement.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pain at the site of injury, such as a paper cut, is often due to the release of chemical mediators like prostaglandins, bradykinin, and histamines, which are part of the inflammatory response. These mediators increase blood flow and sensitivity in the affected area, contributing to pain. Exudate (fluid containing white blood cells and proteins) also forms at the site to aid in healing, and this can increase sensitivity.
B. Increased perfusion (blood flow) is part of the inflammatory response, but it is not the direct cause of pain. While increased blood flow helps deliver nutrients and immune cells to the site, it is the chemical mediators that cause pain.
C. Bacteria entering the wound could cause infection, but pain from a paper cut is typically related to the inflammatory response rather than infection. If infection were present, pain would usually be accompanied by other signs like redness, heat, and pus.
D. Vasoconstriction is the opposite of what happens at the site of an injury. Inflammation causes vasodilation, not vasoconstriction, to increase blood flow to the area.
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