What is the major problem at the cellular level in cystic fibrosis?
Mucous obstruction
Electrolyte and water transport
Infection
Pancreatitis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Mucous obstruction is a secondary effect of cystic fibrosis, but it is not the primary cellular issue. The root cause lies in the dysfunction of chloride transport, which leads to thick, sticky mucus that obstructs various organs.
B. The primary problem in cystic fibrosis is a defect in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) protein, which disrupts electrolyte and water transport across cell membranes. This causes thickened mucus and affects the lungs, pancreas, liver, and intestines.
C. Infection is a common complication in cystic fibrosis due to the buildup of thick mucus, which can trap bacteria, but it is a consequence rather than the primary issue.
D. Pancreatitis is a potential complication of cystic fibrosis due to the blockage of pancreatic ducts, but it is not the major cellular issue.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Adjusting thirst sensation is not the primary focus of treatment for Diabetes Insipidus. The condition is more concerned with fluid balance and preventing dehydration due to excessive urination.
B. Hydration is crucial in the management of Diabetes Insipidus, as patients experience excessive urination and fluid loss. Proper hydration helps prevent dehydration and its associated complications.
C. A 24-hour urine collection is used to assess the extent of polyuria but is not a primary treatment strategy. Treatment focuses on managing fluid balance rather than just monitoring urine output.
D. While increasing Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) or using synthetic ADH (desmopressin) can be part of treatment, the key treatment focus is maintaining adequate hydration to counteract the effects of polyuria.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cystine stones are rare and occur due to a genetic disorder called cystinuria. They are not the most common type of renal calculi.
B. Uric acid stones are also relatively common, especially in individuals with gout or those with high levels of uric acid in the urine. However, calcium oxalate is more common.
C. Calcium oxalate is the most common type of renal calculi, accounting for about 70-80% of kidney stones. These stones form when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine.
D. Struvite stones are associated with urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria. They are less common than calcium oxalate stones.
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