What is the major problem at the cellular level in cystic fibrosis?
Mucous obstruction
Electrolyte and water transport
Infection
Pancreatitis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Mucous obstruction is a secondary effect of cystic fibrosis, but it is not the primary cellular issue. The root cause lies in the dysfunction of chloride transport, which leads to thick, sticky mucus that obstructs various organs.
B. The primary problem in cystic fibrosis is a defect in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) protein, which disrupts electrolyte and water transport across cell membranes. This causes thickened mucus and affects the lungs, pancreas, liver, and intestines.
C. Infection is a common complication in cystic fibrosis due to the buildup of thick mucus, which can trap bacteria, but it is a consequence rather than the primary issue.
D. Pancreatitis is a potential complication of cystic fibrosis due to the blockage of pancreatic ducts, but it is not the major cellular issue.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A hoarse cough may occur with partial airway obstruction, but it is not a typical sign of a complete obstruction. A total obstruction would more likely lead to inability to cough effectively.
B. A total obstruction of the airway, such as from aspirated material, can lead to rapid loss of consciousness due to the lack of oxygen reaching the brain. This is a critical emergency.
C. Inflammation of the mucosa is a response to irritation or injury but would not be the primary manifestation of a total airway obstruction.
D. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is common with airway obstructions, but in the case of total obstruction, the person would be unable to breathe at all, leading to more severe signs like loss of consciousness.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bacteria are not typically detected by a guaiac stool test. Bacterial infections may be diagnosed with a stool culture or other microbiological tests.
B. The guaiac stool test is used to detect hidden (occult) blood in the stool, which can be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as from ulcers, polyps, or cancer.
C. Steatorrhea refers to the presence of excess fat in the stool, which can be detected by other tests, such as fecal fat analysis, not a guaiac test.
D. Parasites are usually detected through stool microscopy or stool ova and parasite (O&P) tests, not a guaiac test.
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