Which of the following cells is least likely to develop into a neoplasia?
Cardiac myocyte
Hepatocyte
Epithelial cell
Lymphocyte
The Correct Answer is A
A. Cardiac myocytes (heart muscle cells) are less likely to undergo neoplastic transformation compared to other cell types. These cells have a very limited ability to proliferate and typically do not undergo the rapid cell division that is characteristic of cancerous growth.
B. Hepatocytes (liver cells) are capable of undergoing neoplastic transformation and can give rise to liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) under certain conditions, such as chronic liver disease or cirrhosis.
C. Epithelial cells, which line body surfaces and cavities, are among the most common cell types to undergo neoplastic transformation. Various cancers, such as skin cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, arise from epithelial cells.
D. Lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) can develop into neoplasms, such as lymphomas or leukemias, when they undergo malignant transformation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients typically lose more salt through sweat, so they need extra salt in their diet, not a restriction. Restricting salt is not recommended for CF patients.
B. Limiting fluid intake is not appropriate for CF patients, as they often require adequate hydration to help thin mucus and improve respiratory function.
C. CF patients need a high-calorie, high-fat, and high-protein diet to support their increased metabolic demands and to help with nutrient absorption, as they often have malabsorption issues. Low-fat meals are not recommended.
D. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is essential for CF patients because their pancreas does not produce enough enzymes to properly digest food. These enzymes should be taken with meals and snacks to aid digestion and nutrient absorption.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is a deficit of bicarbonate (HCO3) in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH (below 7.35). A pH of 7.23 indicates acidosis, and the deficit of HCO3 supports a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, which lowers pH. It is not associated with a bicarbonate deficit.
C. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of acid, leading to an elevated pH. It is the opposite of metabolic acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by excessive exhalation of CO2, leading to an increase in pH, not a deficit of bicarbonate.
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