Which of the following cells is least likely to develop into a neoplasia?

Cardiac myocyte

Hepatocyte

Epithelial cell

Lymphocyte

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Cardiac myocytes (heart muscle cells) are less likely to undergo neoplastic transformation compared to other cell types. These cells have a very limited ability to proliferate and typically do not undergo the rapid cell division that is characteristic of cancerous growth.

B. Hepatocytes (liver cells) are capable of undergoing neoplastic transformation and can give rise to liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) under certain conditions, such as chronic liver disease or cirrhosis.

C. Epithelial cells, which line body surfaces and cavities, are among the most common cell types to undergo neoplastic transformation. Various cancers, such as skin cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, arise from epithelial cells.

D. Lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) can develop into neoplasms, such as lymphomas or leukemias, when they undergo malignant transformation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Diabetic retinopathy, a common complication of diabetes, is caused by microvascular changes in the eye. Chronic high blood sugar can damage the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to visual impairment. This is the most common cause of visual impairment in people with long-standing diabetes.

B. Exophthalmos is typically associated with thyroid disorders, particularly Graves' disease, not diabetes.

C. Abnormal metabolism in the lens can lead to cataracts, but it is not the primary cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients.

D. Cataracts are more common in people with diabetes, but they are not the primary cause of visual impairment in diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy due to microvascular damage is the leading cause.

A. They would not be able to secrete insulin. B. They would not be able to secrete glucagon. C. They would not be able to secrete somatostatin and gastrin. D. They would not be able to secrete pancreatic polypeptides.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Insulin is secreted by beta cells of the pancreas, not alpha cells. Therefore, a lack of alpha cells would not affect insulin secretion.

B. Alpha cells of the pancreas are responsible for secreting glucagon, which helps raise blood glucose levels by promoting the release of glucose from the liver. Without alpha cells, glucagon secretion would be impaired.

C. Somatostatin and gastrin are secreted by delta cells and G cells, respectively, not alpha cells. Therefore, a lack of alpha cells would not prevent the secretion of these hormones.

D. Pancreatic polypeptides are secreted by F cells in the pancreas, not alpha cells. Therefore, a lack of alpha cells would not affect the secretion of pancreatic polypeptides.

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Which of the following cells is least likely to develop into a neoplasia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Jane, diagnosed with diabetes 10 years ago, develops visual impairment, primarily because of:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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