A nurse is preparing to give an antibiotic to a patient who reports being allergic to antibiotics. Before giving the medication, what will the nurse do first?
Question the patient about why their allergies are not in their chart.
Ask the patient to name the medication they are allergic to and the reaction they experienced.
Request an order for a lower dose of an antihistamine.
Request an antihistamine order for an antihistamine.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Questioning why allergies aren’t aren’t in the chart is secondary and confrontational. Clarifying the specific allergy ensures safety, so this is incorrect for the first action.
Choice B reason: Identifying the specific antibiotic and reaction verifies the allergy, preventing anaphylaxis or harm. This is the priority safety step, making it the correct first action.
Choice C reason: Lowering the dose doesn’t address the allergy risk; allergic reactions can occur regardless. Verifying the allergy is critical first, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: An antihistamine may mitigate mild reactions but doesn’t confirm the allergy. Clarifying the allergy prevents unsafe administration, so this is incorrect for the first step.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces blood volume, often lowering blood pressure. Monitoring for hypotension is critical to prevent dizziness or shock, making this the correct manifestation to observe.
Choice B reason: Decreased temperature is not a common effect of furosemide, which primarily affects fluid balance. Blood pressure changes are more relevant, so this is incorrect.
Choice C reason: Furosemide may increase heart rate due to volume loss, not decrease pulse. Hypotension is a primary concern, making this incorrect for the expected manifestation.
Choice D reason: Decreased respiratory rate is unrelated to furosemide, which may improve breathing in heart failure but not slow respiration. Blood pressure is key, so this is incorrect.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: pH 7.32 (low, acidic), PaCO2 <37 mm Hg (normal/low), and HCO3- <24 mEq/L (low) indicate metabolic acidosis, as low bicarbonate causes acidosis without respiratory compensation (PaCO2 normal). This matches uncompensated metabolic acidosis, often due to conditions like lactic acidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Uncompensated respiratory acidosis involves elevated PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg) causing low pH, with normal HCO3-. Here, PaCO2 is <37 mm Hg (normal/low) and HCO3- is low, pointing to a metabolic, not respiratory, cause of acidosis, making this choice incorrect for the given ABG values.
Choice C reason: Partially compensated respiratory acidosis requires elevated PaCO2 and increased HCO3- as compensation. Here, PaCO2 is <37 mm Hg (normal/low) and HCO3- is low, ruling out respiratory acidosis. The low pH and low HCO3- indicate a metabolic cause, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Partially compensated metabolic acidosis involves low pH, low HCO3-, and decreased PaCO2 as respiratory compensation. While HCO3- is low, PaCO2 is not significantly reduced to indicate compensation (given as <37 mm Hg, likely normal). This suggests uncompensated metabolic acidosis, making this choice less accurate than A.
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