A nurse is preparing to give an antibiotic to a patient who reports being allergic to antibiotics. Before giving the medication, what will the nurse do first?

Question the patient about why their allergies are not in their chart.

Ask the patient to name the medication they are allergic to and the reaction they experienced.

Request an order for a lower dose of an antihistamine.

Request an antihistamine order for an antihistamine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Questioning why allergies aren’t aren’t in the chart is secondary and confrontational. Clarifying the specific allergy ensures safety, so this is incorrect for the first action.

Choice B reason: Identifying the specific antibiotic and reaction verifies the allergy, preventing anaphylaxis or harm. This is the priority safety step, making it the correct first action.

Choice C reason: Lowering the dose doesn’t address the allergy risk; allergic reactions can occur regardless. Verifying the allergy is critical first, so this is incorrect.

Choice D reason: An antihistamine may mitigate mild reactions but doesn’t confirm the allergy. Clarifying the allergy prevents unsafe administration, so this is incorrect for the first step.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: To calculate the volume, divide the ordered dose (8 mg) by the concentration (5 mg/mL): 8 ÷ 5 = 1.6 mL. Choice A (1.4 mL) underestimates the volume, delivering only 7 mg (1.4 × 5), which is insufficient for the prescribed dose, making it incorrect for accurate medication administration.

Choice B reason: Calculating 8 mg ÷ 5 mg/mL yields 1.6 mL. Choice B (1.8 mL) would deliver 9 mg (1.8 × 5), exceeding the ordered dose. This overdose could increase the risk of sedation or respiratory depression, as Valium (diazepam) is a benzodiazepine with potent CNS effects, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: The correct volume is 8 mg ÷ 5 mg/mL = 1.6 mL. Choice C (1.2 mL) delivers only 6 mg (1.2 × 5), which is below the prescribed dose. This underdose could result in inadequate therapeutic effects, such as insufficient anxiety relief or seizure control, making it an incorrect choice.

Choice D reason: Dividing the ordered dose (8 mg) by the concentration (5 mg/mL) gives 8 ÷ 5 = 1.6 mL. This volume accurately delivers the prescribed 8 mg of Valium, ensuring therapeutic efficacy for conditions like anxiety or seizures while minimizing risks of over- or under-dosing, making it the correct choice.

A. Mealtime coverage of blood glucose B. Blood glucose control for 24 hours C. Less frequent blood glucose monitoring D. Peak effect achieved in 2 to 4 hours

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Glargine provides basal, not insulin, coverage; meal coverage. It maintains steady glucose control, so this is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Insulin glargine offers 24-hour basal glucose control, stabilizing blood sugar without peaks. This is its primary effect, making it the correct outcome.

Choice C reason: Glargine requires regular monitoring, not less frequent monitoring, to ensure control. This is incorrect for the therapeutic outcome.

Choice D reason: Glargine has no peak, unlike short-acting insulins, with effects lasting 24 hours. A 2–4 hour peak is incorrect, so incorrect.

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A nurse is preparing to give an antibiotic to a patient who reports being allergic to antibiotics. Before giving the medication, what will the nurse do first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The healthcare provider orders Valium 8 mg IV now. The concentration available is 5 mg/mL. How many mL will the patient receive?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient is scheduled to start taking insulin glargine (Lantus). On the care plan, the nurse should include which of these outcomes related to the therapeutic effects of the medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which are effective ways to help prevent medication errors? (Select all that apply)

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A patient begins taking an ACE inhibitor and complains of a dry cough. What does the nurse correctly tell the patient about this symptom?

The nurse is preparing to give a drug that will prevent receptor activation. Which term would describe this drug?

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