Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. What is the mechanism for this?
Obesity is associated with hypercholesterolemia, which impairs the circulation of insulin.
Obesity is a result of high sugar intake, which leads to hyperglycemia.
Obesity releases fatty acids and cytokines, which interfere with insulin receptors.
Obesity is associated with a mutation of the MiR-21 gene, which is the same gene implicated in the development of insulin resistance.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: While obesity can be associated with hypercholesterolemia, this condition primarily affects lipid levels and cardiovascular health rather than directly impairing insulin circulation.
Choice B reason: Obesity is not solely a result of high sugar intake. While diet plays a role, obesity involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. High sugar intake can contribute to weight gain, but it is not the direct cause of obesity.
Choice C reason: Obesity releases fatty acids and cytokines, which interfere with insulin receptors. Adipose tissue in obese individuals releases pro-inflammatory cytokines and fatty acids that can cause insulin resistance by interfering with insulin signaling pathways.
Choice D reason: Obesity is not directly associated with a mutation of the MiR-21 gene. While genetic factors can contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes, the primary mechanism involves metabolic and inflammatory pathways rather than specific gene mutations.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The most obvious and common clinical manifestation of kidney stones is severe pain, often described as excruciating and colicky. This pain is typically located in the back or side, just below the ribs, and may radiate to the lower abdomen and groin. The pain occurs as the stone moves through the urinary tract, causing irritation and blockage. This intense pain is often what prompts individuals to seek medical attention and is a hallmark symptom of kidney stones.
Choice B reason: Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, may occur as a secondary response to the severe pain caused by kidney stones, but it is not the primary clinical manifestation. Tachycardia can be a symptom of many other conditions and is not specific to kidney stones.
Choice C reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a direct manifestation of kidney stones. While there may be some association between kidney stone disease and hypertension, the primary symptom of kidney stones is pain, not elevated blood pressure.
Choice D reason: Edema, or swelling, is not a typical clinical manifestation of kidney stones. Edema is more commonly associated with conditions such as heart failure, kidney disease, and certain vascular disorders. Kidney stones primarily cause pain and urinary symptoms rather than generalized swelling.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hepatic tumors, or liver tumors, are not the most common type of cancer in children. While they can occur, they are relatively rare compared to other types of childhood cancers.
Choice B reason: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. However, it is not the most common type of cancer in children. Osteosarcoma typically occurs in the bones around the knee and upper arm.
Choice C reason: Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children. It affects the blood and bone marrow and can cause symptoms such as fatigue, easy bruising, and frequent infections. There are different types of leukemia, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) being the most common in children.
Choice D reason: Brain tumors are the second most common type of cancer in children, but they are not as prevalent as leukemia. Brain tumors can cause symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and vision problems.
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