Shortly before a child's elective surgery, the parent tells the nurse, "I am having second thoughts about my child undergoing this surgery." The nurse respects the parent's concern and calls the surgeon. What ethical/moral principle is represented by this situation?
Fidelity
Equality
Autonomy
Justice
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Fidelity is the principle of being faithful and loyal to one's commitments and obligations. It is not directly related to the situation, although the nurse may have a duty to respect the parent's wishes.
Choice B reason: Equality is the principle of treating everyone fairly and impartially. It is not relevant to the situation, as there is no issue of discrimination or favoritism involved.
Choice C reason: Autonomy is the principle of respecting the right of individuals to make their own decisions. It is the most applicable to the situation, as the nurse recognizes the parent's authority to decide what is best for their child.
Choice D reason: Justice is the principle of distributing benefits and burdens equitably and according to valid criteria. It is not pertinent to the situation, as there is no conflict of interest or allocation of resources involved.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This response is not correct because a faster heart rate does not necessarily imply respiratory compromise. A child's heart rate is normally faster than an adult's due to the smaller size and higher metabolic rate of the child.
Choice B reason: This response is not correct because a greater body surface area does not directly affect the respiratory system. A child's body surface area is larger than an adult's in proportion to their body weight, which means they lose heat more easily and are more prone to hypothermia.
Choice C reason: This response is correct because a narrower airway diameter makes the child more susceptible to airway obstruction, inflammation, and edema. A child's airway is about one-third the size of an adult's, which means that even a small amount of swelling or secretions can significantly reduce the airway caliber and cause respiratory distress.
Choice D reason: This response is not correct because the ability to verbalize is not a factor that contributes to respiratory compromise. However, the inability to verbalize may make it harder for the child to communicate their symptoms and needs, which may delay the recognition and treatment of respiratory problems.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not correct because the mother's action is not intended to calm or punish the child for having a tantrum. It is a traditional healing method that aims to restore the balance of energy in the body.
Choice B reason: This is correct because the mother's action is a form of folk medicine known as coining or cao gio. It involves rubbing a coin or a spoon on the skin with oil or ointment to create red marks or bruises. It is believed to release the wind or bad energy that causes illness or pain.
Choice C reason: This is not correct because the mother's action is not a form of discipline or correction. It is a way of showing care and concern for the child's well-being.
Choice D reason: This is not correct because the mother's action is not abusive or harmful. It is a cultural practice that is based on a different understanding of health and disease. It may look alarming to outsiders, but it is not intended to hurt or injure the child.
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