The bile salts are synthesized from

fatty acids

testosterone

cholesterol

lecithin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:
Fatty acids are essential components of many lipids, but they are not the primary building blocks of bile salts. Bile salts are synthesized from cholesterol. Fatty acids mainly function as energy storage molecules and are involved in forming complex lipids, like triglycerides and phospholipids. They don't participate directly in the production of bile salts, which are crucial for digesting and absorbing dietary fats.

Choice B reason:
Testosterone is a steroid hormone that plays a vital role in male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics. It is not involved in the synthesis of bile salts. Bile salts are derived from cholesterol, not hormones. Testosterone’s primary function is related to endocrine activities rather than hepatic functions like bile salt synthesis.

Choice C reason:
Cholesterol is the correct answer. Bile salts are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. This process involves the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids, which are then conjugated with amino acids to form bile salts. These bile salts are critical for the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. The liver’s conversion of cholesterol to bile salts helps in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in the body.

Choice D reason:
Lecithin is a type of phospholipid that plays a significant role in cell membrane structure and function. While it is an important component of bile, it is not the substance from which bile salts are synthesized. Lecithin helps in the emulsification of fats in the digestive process but is not a precursor to bile salts. The synthesis of bile salts specifically involves cholesterol.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding high-fat foods is appropriate advice. Statins are more effective when combined with a healthy diet and lifestyle. This helps in managing cholesterol levels and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.

Choice B reason:
The statement that muscle pain is not concerning with statin use is inappropriate. Muscle pain can be a significant side effect of statins, known as myopathy, and in rare cases, it can lead to a more severe condition called rhabdomyolysis. Patients experiencing muscle pain should report it to their healthcare provider for evaluation and management.

Choice C reason:
Statins do reduce the risk of coronary events in people with diabetes and slightly elevated LDL levels. This is well-documented and an appropriate part of patient education, as statins are beneficial in preventing cardiovascular events in at-risk populations.

Choice D reason:
Statin use can cause gastrointestinal (GI) side effects, including nausea, constipation, and diarrhea. This information should be part of patient education so that patients are aware of potential side effects and can manage them appropriately.

A. Stop taking the medication if you experience constipation. B. You should continue your exercise program to increase your HDL serum levels. C. This medication will replace other interventions you have been trying. D. It is important for you to double your dose if you miss one to maintain therapeutic blood levels.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Telling the patient to stop taking the medication if they experience constipation is not appropriate. While side effects should be reported to the healthcare provider, discontinuing the medication without professional guidance can lead to inadequate management of cholesterol levels. The nurse should advise the patient to consult their provider about any side effects.

Choice B reason:
Continuing an exercise program to increase HDL serum levels is important advice. Regular physical activity is beneficial in raising HDL (good cholesterol) levels, which help reduce the risk of heart disease. Exercise complements the effects of cholesterol-lowering medications and supports overall cardiovascular health.

Choice C reason:
Stating that the medication will replace other interventions is incorrect. Cholesterol-lowering medications should be part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle modifications such as diet, exercise, and weight management. These interventions work synergistically to improve lipid profiles and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Choice D reason:
Doubling the dose if a dose is missed is unsafe and not recommended. Patients should follow their prescribed dosing schedule and consult their healthcare provider for instructions if they miss a dose. Taking an extra dose can increase the risk of adverse effects and complications.

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The bile salts are synthesized from

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has begun taking an HMG-COA reductase inhibitor (statins). Which statement about this class of drugs made by the nurse during patient education would be inappropriate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is instructing a patient receiving a cholesterol-lowering agent. Which information should the nurse include in the patient education?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Anurse is discussing intravenous Amphotericin B treatment with a nursing student who is about to care for a patient with a systemic fungal infection. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching?

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Cardiac cells can withstand ischemic conditions for 20 minutes before irreversible cell injury occurs:

The bile salts are synthesized from

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